The head of the manor (the head of the manor)

Japanese: 荘長(庄長) - しょうちょう
The head of the manor (the head of the manor)
One of the manor officials. They mainly appear as manor officials in the early 9th century manors. In 797 (Enryaku 16), the Dajokan issued an order that kokushi should properly collect taxes from ronin living in the manors of the king's vassals, vassals, temples, and shrines, that the manor head should not refuse to do so, and that the manor head should not use his authority to cultivate land for me. Furthermore, in 850 (Kasho 3), the manor head of Todaiji Temple's Nijima Manor in Awa Province, Iebe Takamaro, confirmed the land in the manor. In other words, the manor head was responsible for supervising and directing the people, including ronin, grasping the land in the manor, and organizing the people to cultivate it, and was the central figure in the early manors in the 9th century.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
荘園の荘官職の一つ。主として9世紀の初期荘園の荘官としてあらわれている。797年(延暦16),太政官は王臣家・寺社の荘に寄住する浪人の調庸の取りたてを国司はきちんとおこなうべきであり,荘長はそれを拒んではならない,また荘長はその権威をかりて私に田地を開作してはならない,ということを命令している。さらに,850年(嘉祥3),東大寺の荘園阿波国新嶋荘では荘長である家部財麿が荘田の確認をおこなっている。つまり,浪人をふくめた荘民の監督指揮をおこない,荘田を把握してその耕作に荘民を組織する責任をもつという,9世紀段階の初期荘園の在地における中枢になっているのが荘長なのである。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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