Pestel - Pestel (English notation) Павел Иванович Пестель/Pavel Ivanovich Pestel'

Japanese: ペステリ - ぺすてり(英語表記)Павел Иванович Пестель/Pavel Ivanovich Pestel'
Pestel - Pestel (English notation) Павел Иванович Пестель/Pavel Ivanovich Pestel'

A Russian revolutionary and Decembrist (member of the December Party). After graduating from the Central Military Academy, he participated in the Patriotic War (Napoleonic Wars) and fought in various places following Napoleon's army. In 1816, he joined the first Decembrist secret society, the Salvation Union. In 1818, he established a branch of the second society, the Welfare Union, in Tlichen, southern Russia, where he worked. In 1821, he was promoted to colonel. In March of the same year, he founded the Southern Society of the Decembrists and became its leader. He abolished serfdom and autocracy, and drafted the Russkaya Pravda (Russian Code), which could be considered a constitution for when Russia became a republic in the future, and made this the platform of the society. In December 1825, he was arrested just before the uprising, and after trial, he was executed along with four other leaders.

[Tsuguo Tonokawa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ロシアの革命家、デカブリスト(十二月党員)。中央幼年学校を卒業後、祖国戦争(ナポレオン戦争)に参加し、ナポレオンの軍隊を追って各地に転戦した。1816年、デカブリストの最初の秘密結社である「救済同盟」に加入。18年、勤務地である南ロシアのトゥリーチンに二番目の結社の「福祉同盟」の支部をつくった。21年大佐に昇進。この年3月デカブリストの「南方結社」を創設しその指導者となった。彼は、農奴制と専制政治を廃止し、将来ロシアが共和国となったときの憲法ともいうべき「ルースカヤ・プラウダ」(ロシア法典)を起草し、これを結社の綱領とした。25年12月、蜂起(ほうき)の直前に逮捕され、裁判ののち、他の4人の指導者とともに処刑された。

[外川継男]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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