Average Thought - Heikinshisou

Japanese: 平均思想 - へいきんしそう

An idea of equality unique to China. After the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the system of hereditary laws collapsed and various imbalances arose in society. It became necessary to correct these imbalances, stabilize the people's lives, and promote social harmony. The first expressions of this idea were found in the political ideas advocated by the pre-Qin scholars, such as in the Wang Ba chapter of Xunzi. As large land ownership developed after the Han Dynasty, attempts were often made to control land by the state, but the king's land system under Wang Mang and the equal-field system after the Northern Wei Dynasty were supported by the Confucian idea of the well-landing system. Civilian movements against political injustice were often based on the idea of equality.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中国特有の平等思想。春秋戦国以後，宗法（そうほう）制が崩壊し，社会の中に諸種の不均衡が生ずると，これを是正して民生を安定させ，社会の調和を図ることが必要となった。その最初の表現は《荀子》王覇篇など先秦諸子の主張する政治思想の中に見られる。漢代以後大土地所有が進展すると，しばしば土地の国家管理が試みられたが，王莽（おうもう）の王田制や北魏以後の均田法では，儒家の井田法の思想が支えとなった。政治上の不公平に反抗する民間からの運動も，しばしば平均思想を根拠とした。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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