A North American Indian tribe. They are also known as the Cheyenne. They speak an Algonquian language and lived in central Minnesota in the 17th century, making their living by hunting and gathering. They were driven out by Europeans and migrated to the western Great Plains in the 18th century. They developed a unique Plains culture around the Black Hills from 1780 to 1830. They did not have a clan system, but gathered in the spring for three major festivals: the Sun Dance, the Sacred Arrow, and the Buffalo Hat, and then held a communal buffalo hunt. Today, about 2,000 Northern Cheyennes live on the Tonga River Reservation in southeastern Montana, and about 3,000 Southern Cheyennes live in Oklahoma. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
北アメリカインディアンの一民族。シャイエンヌ族とも呼ばれる。言語はアルゴンキン語群に属し,17世紀にはミネソタ州中部に居住,狩猟と採集を生業としていたが,ヨーロッパ人に追われて 18世紀には大平原西部に移住した。 1780~1830年頃にブラックヒルズ近辺で特有の平原文化を発展させた。氏族制はもたないが,春には太陽踊り,聖なる矢,バッファロー・ハットの三大祭礼のために集合し,そのあとで共同野牛狩りを行なった。今日では約 2000人の北シャイアン族がモンタナ州南東のトンガ川指定居留地に,約 3000人の南シャイアン族がオクラホマ州に居住している。
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