Italian mathematician and logician. Born near Cuneo. Studied at the University of Turin, where he received his doctorate in 1880. He taught at the same university, and served as a full professor there from 1895 until his death. His research was an attempt to axiomatize geometry, constructing geometry without relying on intuition, and he clarified the selective adoption of definitions, axioms, and undefined terms, aiming at a kind of mathematical logic. This would eventually bear fruit in Hilbert's Foundations of Geometry (1899), but he is best known for his research on the axioms of association and axioms of order (1889), and in 1890 he constructed the "Peano curve" that passes through all points on the plane. In 1891 he founded a mathematics journal, in which he published papers such as "Formulas of Mathematical Logic" and "On the Concept of Number," in which he developed the idea of "Peano axioms" using "Peano symbols," and is considered a pioneer of symbolic logic. In addition to his mathematical achievements, he was responsible for the creation of "unchanging Latin" (Latino sine flexione) as an international language (1903). [Jun Fujimura] [References] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イタリアの数学者、論理学者。クーネオ近くに生まれる。トリノ大学に学び、1880年学位を得た。同大学で教壇に立ち、1895年以降、終生、同大学正教授であった。彼の研究は直観によらないで幾何学を建設するという幾何学の公理化の試みで、定義、公理、未定義語の選択採用を明確にし、一種の数学的論理学を意図したものであった。これはやがてヒルベルトの『幾何学基礎論』(1899)に結実することになるが、結合の公理と順序の公理に関する研究(1889)は著名であり、1890年には平面上のすべての点を通る「ペアノ曲線」を構成した。1891年には数学雑誌を創刊し、この雑誌で「数学的論理学の公式」「数の概念について」といった論文を発表、そこで「ペアノの記号」を使って「ペアノの公理」の考えを展開し、記号論理学の開拓者とされる。数学上の業績のほか、国際語として「変化のないラテン語」Latino sine flexioneの創案(1903)もある。 [藤村 淳] [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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