Dispersion - Bunsan

Japanese: 分散 - ぶんさん

〘noun〙① To divide and scatter what was in one place. Also, to be dispersed. To become separated and separated. Dispersal. ※Shoku Nihongi - Yoro 6th year (722), leap April, Otoushi "The people of the border counties were assaulted by _bandits , _and were dispersed and lost _to _{the east and west} ." ※Genpei Seisuiki (before the 14th century), 33 "The messengers were dispersed (Bunsan) to Shikoku." [Shunjuu Zuo Zhuan - 5th year of Duke Huan] ② In the Edo period, a debtor who was unable to pay off many competing claims would, with the consent of the creditors, entrust all of his assets to them and distribute the value of the assets to each claim. This corresponds to modern-day bankruptcy. Dispersal and closing. ※Haiku poem Danrin Juhyakuin (1675), Vol. 1 "The dew at the end of the world of the people of Aitane (Bokushaku), the sound of insects dispersed and scattered (Issa)." ③ An abbreviation of "kashibunsan (dispersal of household assets)." ④ The phenomenon in which the speed at which waves travel changes depending on differences in wavelength and frequency. In particular, it refers to the phenomenon in which light is split into light of different wavelengths and many colors when it passes through a prism or diffraction grating. ⑤ In mathematics. (a) A numerical value that indicates the degree of dispersion of statistical data. The average of the squares of the differences between each numerical value and the average value of the data. (b) A numerical value that indicates the degree of dispersion of the values of a random variable. The average value of a random variable obtained by squaring the difference between the random variable in question and its average value.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 一つ所にあったものを分け散らすこと。また、分かれ散ること。わかれわかれになること。離散。※続日本紀‐養老六年（722）閏四月乙丑「辺郡人民、暴被_二寇賊_一、遂適_二東西_一、流離分散」※源平盛衰記（１４Ｃ前）三三「使者を四国に分散(ブンサン)して」〔春秋左伝‐桓公五年〕② 江戸時代、競合した多数債権を償うことができない債務者が債権者の同意を得て、自己の全財産を彼らに委付して、その価額を各債権に配当すること。現在の破産にあたる。分散仕舞。※俳諧・談林十百韻（1675）上「相店の人の世中すゑの露〈卜尺〉分散何々なく虫の声〈一朝〉」③ 「かしぶんさん（家資分散）」の略。④ 波の進む速さが、波長や振動数の違いによって変化する現象。特に、光がプリズムや回折格子を通過するとき、波長の異なる光に分かれ、多くの色に分かれることをいう。⑤ 数学でいう。(イ) 統計データの散らばりの度合を表わす数値の一つ。各数値とデータの平均値との差の平方の平均値。(ロ) 確率変数の値の散らばりの度合を表わす数値の一つ。問題となった確率変数とその平均値との差を平方して得られる確率変数の平均値。

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