Mobilization - Douin

Japanese: 動員 - どういん

〘noun〙① The transfer of the human and material resources of the military or the nation to a wartime system. There were military mobilization, munitions mobilization, and national total mobilization. (a) Military mobilization meant changing the Army's organization to a wartime organization, and in the Navy it was called preparation for deployment. ※Division Headquarters Ordinance (1896) Article 8 states "Mobilization plans and operational plans are subject to the discretion of the Chief of Staff ( omitted) ." (b) Munitions mobilization meant transferring related industries from a peacetime state to a wartime state in order to meet the Army's military needs in times of war or emergency. It was implemented in October 1937. (c) National total mobilization meant controlling and using all human and material resources to achieve the purpose of national defense in times of emergency. It was implemented in May 1938 . ※Hiemono (1975) by Oda Minoru: "I was mobilized at a factory that made parachutes." ② By extension, to hire people or things for a certain purpose. ※Usual People (1926) by Hayama Yoshiki: 41: "And so, everyone was mobilized." ※Zaihitsu Yoza Collection 2 (1954) by Tatsuno, Hayashi, and Tokugawa: Preface: "Imagination, imagination, all kinds of powers must be mobilized."

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 軍隊または国家の人的物的資源を戦時の体制に移すこと。軍動員と軍需動員及び国家総動員があった。(イ) 軍動員は陸軍の編制を戦時の編制にかえることをいい、海軍では出師(すいし)準備といった。※師団司令部条例（明治二九年）（1896）八条「動員計画作戦計画に関しては参謀総長〈略〉の区処を受く」(ロ) 軍需動員は戦時または事変に際し、陸軍の軍需の要求を満たすため、関係工業を平時状態から戦時状態に移すことをいった。昭和一二年（一九三七）一〇月発動。(ハ) 国家総動員は、有事国防目的達成のため、一切の人的物的資源を統制運用することをいった。昭和一三年（一九三八）五月発動。※冷え物（1975）〈小田実〉「わたしが動員されていたのはパラシュートをつくっていた工場で」② 転じて、ある目的のために、人や物をかり出すこと。※海に生くる人々（1926）〈葉山嘉樹〉四一「それで、一切は動員された━と云ふ訳であった」※随筆寄席第二集（1954）〈辰野・林・徳川〉序「想像力、空想力、あらゆる力を動員しなければ」

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