Blondel, Maurice

Japanese: ブロンデル（英語表記）Blondel， Maurice

Born: 2 November 1861, Deejon
[Died] June 4, 1949, Aix-en-Provence French Catholic philosopher. Professor at the University of Aix-en-Provence in 1896. In his bachelor's thesis L'Action (1893), he understood action in the same broad sense as existence, and pointed out the dialectic that the gap between an action and its realization gives rise to a new action. In La Pensée (2 volumes, 1934), he understood thought as cosmic thought inherent in matter, and pointed out the noema element that moves toward unity and universality, and the pneuma element that moves toward diversity and individuality. His other works include L'Etre et les êtres (Being and Beings) (35) and Exigences philosophiques du Christianisme (Philosophical Demands of Christianity) (50). Although he was seen as a modernist because of his tendency toward pragmatism, he had a great influence on later Catholic existentialists.

Blondel
Blondel, Charles Aimé Alfred

Born: October 10, 1876 in Lyon
Died: February 19, 1939. Paris. French psychiatrist and psychologist. Doctor of Medicine in 1906, professor of psychology at the University of Strasbourg in 1919, professor at the University of Paris in 1937. From his research into the pathological consciousness of schizophrenic patients, he pointed out the qualitative differences between healthy people and those with mental disorders, and emphasized the influence of social factors on individual perception, thought, and emotion. His main works include Les fonctions mentales dans les sociétés inférieures (1910) (abridged translation), La mantalité primitive (26), La conscience morbide (14), and Introduction à la psychologie collective (28).

Blondel
Blondel, Jacques-François

Born: January 17, 1705, Rouen
Died January 9, 1774. Paris. French architect and architectural historian. He established a special course in architectural history and theory, and established the field of architectural history (1743-1762). He promoted the French classical tradition by emphasizing simple forms and rich images. His students included É. Boulet and C. Ledoux, among others. His main work was the Hôtel de Ville in Metz (1764-1775), and his main work was L'Architecture Française (1752-1756).

Blondel
Blondel, Nicolas-François

[Born] 1618. Livmon
Died in 1686. French architect and architectural theorist. He was an engineer, mathematician, and diplomat, and later turned to architecture. He also founded the Royal Academy of Architecture (1669). His major works include the Porte Saint-Denis (1671, Paris), and his major work Cours d'architecture (1675-1683), in which he advocated classicism.

Blondel
Blondel, Jean Fernand Pierre

Born October 26, 1929 in Toulon. British political scientist. Graduated from the University of Paris. After serving as professor at the University of Essex (1964), he became professor at the European University Institute in 1985. His main work is "An Introduction Comparative Government" (1969).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1861.11.2. ディージョン
[没]1949.6.4. エクサンプロバンス
フランスのカトリック哲学者。 1896年エクサンプロバンス大学教授。学士論文『行為』L'Action (1893) において行為を実存と同様の広い意味でとらえ，行為とその実現の間の落差が新たな行為を呼ぶという弁証法を指摘。『思惟』 La Pensée (2巻，1934) では，思惟を物質に内在する宇宙的思惟ととらえたうえで，統一と普遍へ向うノエマ的要素と，多様と個別に向うプネウマ的要素を指摘した。ほかに『存在と存在者』L'Etre et les êtres (35) ，『キリスト教の哲学的要求』 Exigences philosophiques du Christianisme (50) などがある。プラグマティズム的傾向のために近代主義とみられもしたが，のちのカトリックの実存主義者たちに大きな影響を残した。

ブロンデル
Blondel， Charles Aimé Alfred

[生]1876.10.10. リヨン
[没]1939.2.19. パリ
フランスの精神病学者，心理学者。 1906年医学博士，19年ストラスブール大学心理学教授，37年パリ大学教授。分裂病者の病態意識の研究から，健常者と精神障害者の質的な差異を指摘し，さらに個人の知覚，思考，感情に対する社会的因子の影響を強調した。主著『未開人の世界・精神病者の世界』 (抄訳) Les fonctions mentales dans les sociétés inférieures (1910) ，La mantalité primitive (26) ，『病態意識』 La conscience morbide (14) ，『社会心理学入門』 Introduction à la psychologie collective (28) 。

ブロンデル
Blondel， Jacques-François

[生]1705.1.17. ルーアン
[没]1774.1.9. パリ
フランスの建築家，建築史学者。建築史，建築理論の特別講座を設立し，建築史学を確立した (1743～62) 。シンプルな造形と豊かなイメージを強調して，フランスの古典主義的伝統を推進。彼の弟子からは É.ブレ，C.ルドゥーなどすぐれた建築家が出た。主作品はメッツのオテル・ド・ビル (64～75) ，主著は『フランス建築』L'Architecture Française (52～56) 。

ブロンデル
Blondel， Nicolas-François

[生]1618. リブモン
[没]1686. パリ
フランスの建築家，建築理論家。技術者，数学者，外交官を兼ね，のちに建築に転じた。さらに，王立建築アカデミーを創設 (1669) 。主作品にサン・ドニ門 (71，パリ) ，主著に『建築講義』 Cours d'architecture (75～83) があり，古典主義を主張した。