Propolis

Japanese: プロポリス
Propolis
Propolis is a sticky substance extracted from beehives and is also known as " bee tar." It is made by mixing the collected sap with enzymes from the bees ' saliva , and then adding pollen and beeswax . It is applied to the entrance and inside of the hive to prevent the decay of insect corpses and to protect the hive from infection by diseases.
The majority of propolis is made up of resin (about 50%), beeswax (30%), and essential oils and pollen (just under 20%). In addition to these, it has been found to contain hundreds of other ingredients, including organic acids, fatty acids, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, flavonoids, and alcohol.
Propolis is a natural antibiotic.
○ Function as a nutritional component Propolis has been known since ancient times for its strong bactericidal and disinfectant properties, which heal wounds and relieve inflammation. Recent research has also shown that it also has blood purifying, antioxidant, immune-boosting and anesthetic properties, making it effective against arthritis, hemorrhoids, burns , atopic dermatitis, asthma, stomatitis and sore throats. Furthermore, unlike antibiotics, it has been found that bacteria and viruses do not develop resistance to propolis, and it is hoped that it will help prevent hospital infections caused by MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ) .
At the Japanese Cancer Association in 1991, it was reported that anti-cancer substances had been discovered in propolis, and its anti-cancer properties have also attracted attention.

Source: Shogakukan Medical Museum of Food Information

Japanese:
プロポリスはミツバチの巣から取り出される粘着性の物質で、「蜂(はち)ヤニ」とも呼ばれています。集めてきた樹液にミツバチが唾液(だえき)の酵素を混ぜ、さらに花粉や蜜蝋(みつろう)を加えてつくられるもので、巣の入り口や内面に塗られ、昆虫死骸(しがい)の腐敗防止や、病気の感染から巣をまもる役目をはたしています。
 プロポリスの成分は樹脂が約5割、蜜蝋が3割と大半を占め、精油・花粉が2割弱です。これ以外に有機酸、脂肪酸、アミノ酸、ビタミン、ミネラル、フラボノイド、アルコールなど数百種類の成分が含まれることが判明しています。
〈プロポリスは天然の抗生物質〉
○栄養成分としての働き
 プロポリスには強い殺菌・消毒作用があり、傷を治し炎症をやわらげることは古くから知られていました。近年の研究で、これ以外にも血液浄化・酸化防止・免疫力増強・麻酔作用があり、関節炎、痔(じ)、やけど、アトピー性皮膚炎、ぜんそく、口内炎(こうないえん)、のどの痛みに有効なことが判明しています。さらに抗生物質とは異なり、プロポリスに対しては細菌やウイルスが耐性をつくらないことがわかり、MRSA(メチシリン耐性黄色(たいせいおうしょく)ブドウ球菌(きゅうきん))による院内感染防止に期待が寄せられています。
 1991年の日本癌学会で、プロポリスから抗がん物質を発見したとの報告がなされ、制がん作用も注目を集めています。

出典 小学館食の医学館について 情報

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