This is a Spanish word meaning "revolutionary declaration." The original meaning is "proclamation." Since the 19th century, rebellions against tyranny in Spain have often been centered around the military, and the "revolutionary declarations" issued by military leaders to explain the purpose of the rebellion and appeal to the people before anti-government actions were called pronunciamiens. There were many pronunciamiens issued by distinguished generals who fought against Napoleon's army from 1814 to 1820, and the most famous of these was the declaration issued by R. Riego y Nunez to the Asturian army near Cadiz in 1820. Other well-known declarations include the declaration by General L. O'Donnell in Bicavalo in 1854 and the declaration by Topete Prim Serrano, commander-in-chief of the Cadiz fleet, in 1868. The pronunciamiento by General M. Pavia y Rodríguez in 1874 led to the exile of the radical F. Serrano y Domínguez and the successful restoration of the monarchy. In this way, the term came to refer to rebellions and coups, which Ortega y Gasset criticized as a Spanish pathology. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
スペイン語で「革命宣言」の意味をもつ言葉。原意は「布告」。 19世紀以降スペインでは専制政治に対する反抗が軍隊を中心に行われることが多かったが,これら軍隊の指導者である将官が反政府行動に先立って,その反乱の趣旨を説明し,人々にアピールするために出す「革命宣言」をプロヌンシアミエントと呼んだ。 1814~20年にナポレオン軍と戦い,功のあった将軍たちのプロヌンシアミエントが続出したが,なかでも 20年カディス近郊でアストゥリアス軍に出した R.リエゴ・イ・ヌニェスの宣言は有名。また 54年の L.オドンネル将軍のビカバロでの宣言,68年のカディス艦隊司令長官トペテ・プリム・セラノらの宣言などもよく知られている。 74年将軍 M.パビア・イ・ロドリゲスによるプロヌンシアミエントは急進派 F.セラノ・イ・ドミンゲスの亡命と王政復古の成功を招いた。このように,反乱やクーデターをもさすようになり,オルテガ・イ・ガセットはこれをスペインの病理として批判した。
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