Reducing the frictional force at the friction points between the tool and the material during plastic processing. Since plastic processing is performed by applying force to the material through a solid tool to deform it, pressure and frictional force act between the tool and the material. In most cases, except for rolling, it is preferable to have no frictional force. Even in rolling, as long as there is enough frictional force for the rolls to bite into the material, any friction greater than this is harmful, so a certain amount of lubrication is necessary. The presence of friction has various disadvantages, such as requiring extra processing force, increasing the processing power, causing disturbances in the internal deformation of the material, which can lead to problems such as inhomogeneity in the product material and internal cracks, and increasing tool wear such as wear on the tool surface, resulting in a large tool consumption rate. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
塑性加工を行う際に,工具と材料の摩擦部分の摩擦力を減少させること。塑性加工は,材料に固体工具を介して力を及ぼし変形させて行うものであるから,工具と材料との間には圧力と摩擦力とが作用する。摩擦力は圧延を除いてほとんどの場合,ないほうが好ましいものである。圧延の場合でも,ロールが材料をかみ込むために十分な摩擦力さえあればそれ以上の摩擦力は有害であるので,ある程度の潤滑を行うことが必要である。摩擦が存在すると,加工力が余分に必要となり加工動力が大きくなること,材料の内部の変形に乱れが生じて製品の材質の不均質や内部割れの発生などの問題が生ずるおそれがあること,工具表面が摩滅するなど工具の損耗が大きくなって工具原単位が大きくなること,などの不都合がある。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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