Weightlifting

Japanese: ウェイトリフティング
Weightlifting
Also known as weightlifting. A competition in which athletes lift a barbell overhead in a specific way and compete for the heaviest weight. There are two events: snatch and jerk. In snatch, the barbell is lifted in one motion, while in jerk, officially called clean and jerk, the barbell is lifted to the shoulders and then raised overhead using the momentum of the legs and hips. Each event is attempted three times, and the ranking is determined by the total weight of the best records. As the use of drugs to strengthen muscles became a major problem, stricter tests were imposed and the weight system was revised in 1993, resulting in 10 weight classes for men: 54kg, 59kg, 64kg, 70kg, 76kg, 83kg, 91kg, 99kg, 108kg, and over 108kg. Since 1987, the women's World Championships have been held, with nine weight classes: 46kg, 50kg, 54kg, 59kg, 64kg, 70kg, 76kg, 83kg, and over 83kg. At the first Athens Olympics and the 1904 St. Louis Olympics, men's one-handed jerk and two-handed jerk were held without weight restrictions, but at the time they were considered as gymnastics events. At the 1920 Antwerp Olympics, weight classes were introduced and they became official events. At the 1996 Atlanta Olympics, the number of weight classes increased to 10. After the 2000 Sydney Olympics, the men's weight classes were reorganized, and now there are eight weight classes. Since the 2000 Sydney Olympics, there have been seven weight classes in the women's category. Traditionally, the former Soviet Union was the strongest in the men's category, but in recent years China has been the strongest, followed by the United States and Bulgaria. China is overwhelmingly strong in the women's category. For Japan's men, Miyake Yoshinobu won silver in the 56 kg (old bantamweight) class at the 1960 Rome Olympics, Miyake Yoshinobu won gold in the 62 kg (old featherweight) class, Ichinose Shiro won bronze, and Ouchi Jin won bronze in the 77 kg (old middleweight) class at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics. Miyake Yoshinobu won consecutive gold medals at the 1968 Mexico City Olympics. Ouchi Jin won silver in the 77 kg (old middleweight) class at the Mexico City Olympics, and Miyake Yoshiyuki, Miyake Yoshinobu's younger brother, also won bronze in the 62 kg class. Other winners were Ando Kenkichi in the 56 kg class at the 1976 Montreal Olympics, Hirai Kazumasa in the 62 kg class, and Manabe Kazuto in the 54 kg (old flyweight) class, Odaka Masahiro in the 56 kg class, and Sunaoka Ryoji in the 85 kg class at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. In the women's weightlifting category, Miyake Hiromi won a silver medal in the 48 kg class at the 2012 London Olympics, becoming the first woman to achieve this feat.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
重量挙げとも。バーベルを一定の方法で頭上に持ちあげてその重量を競う競技。スナッチ,ジャークの2種目がある。スナッチは一挙動で引き上げるもので,ジャークは正式にはクリーン・アンド・ジャークといい,バーベルを肩まで引き上げたあと,両足,腰の反動により頭上に差し上げる。各種目について3回ずつ試技を行い,各最高記録を合計した重量で順位を決める。筋力強化のための薬物使用が大きな問題となったため,厳しいテストが課されるとともに,1993年から体重制も改められ,男子は54kg級,59kg級,64kg級,70kg級,76kg級,83kg級,91kg級,99kg級,108kg級,108kg超級の10階級。1987年からは女子の世界選手権大会も開催されるようになり,46kg級,50kg級,54kg級,59kg級,64kg級,70kg級,76kg級,83kg級,83kg超級の9階級に分けて行われている。オリンピックでは男子は第1回アテネオリンピックと1904年のセントルイスオリンピックに体重制限のない片手ジャークと両手ジャークが実施されたが,当時は体操種目の一つとされた。1920年のアントワープオリンピックで体重別の階級分けがなされ,単独の正式種目となった。1996年のアトランタオリンピックでは10階級にまで膨らんだ。2000年のシドニーオリンピック以降男子の階級再編が行われ,現在は8階級で実施されている。女子は2000年シドニーオリンピックから正式種目で7階級となっている。男子は伝統的には旧ソ連が強豪だったが,近年は中国が強豪で,アメリカ,ブルガリアなどが続く。女子は中国が圧倒的な強さを誇っている。日本は男子が,1960年のローマオリンピック56kg級(旧バンタム級)で三宅義信が銀,1964年の東京オリンピックで三宅義信は62kg級(旧フェザー級)で金メダル獲得,一ノ瀬史郎が銅,77kg級(旧ミドル級)で大内仁が銅。三宅義信は1968年のメキシコシティーオリンピックで連続して金メダルを獲得した。メキシコシティーオリンピックでは77kg級(旧ミドル級)で大内仁が銀,62kg級では三宅義信の弟の三宅義行も銅を獲得。他に,1976年のモントリオールオリンピックの56kg級で安藤謙吉が銅,62kg級で平井一正が銅,1984年のロサンゼルスオリンピックで54kg級(旧フライ級)で真鍋和人が銅,56kg級で小高正宏が銅,85kg級で砂岡良治が銅を獲得した。女子では2012年のロンドンオリンピックで三宅宏美が48kg級で銀メダルを獲得,ウェイトリフティング女子で初の快挙となった。

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