Wilhelm Windelband

Japanese: ウィンデルバント - うぃんでるばんと(英語表記)Wilhelm Windelband
Wilhelm Windelband

German philosopher and historian of philosophy. Born in Potsdam, he studied at universities such as Jena and Berlin, and served as professor at the universities of Zurich, Freiburg, Strassburg, and Heidelberg. As a historian of philosophy, he focused on the various aspects of the historical development of philosophical problems and concepts, as opposed to the conventional method of describing the thoughts of individuals, and achieved great success by aiming to construct a truly academic history of philosophy that did not follow the Hegelian idealistic structure. This is inextricably linked to his work as a cultural and value philosopher who, as a representative of the Southwest German school of the Neo-Kantian school, opposes materialism and positivism since the latter half of the 19th century. In other words, he said that "to understand Kant is to surpass him," and, in contrast to the conventional understanding of Kant that was biased toward natural science and its critical foundations, he tried to continue Kant's development by incorporating "spiritual science," which focuses on history and culture, into his field of vision, and critically positioning both sciences in terms of their subject and method. His idea that natural science is a law-based science, while spiritual science is nothing but a science of events that describes individuality, shows his attempt to position matters related to values ​​and freedom of personality in accordance with the academic situation of the time. His major works include "Textbook of the History of Philosophy," "History and Natural Science," and "Introduction to Philosophy."

[Megumi Sakabe February 17, 2015]

"Introduction to Philosophy" translated by Kiyoshi Shimizu (1960, Tamagawa University Press)

[Reference] | Kant

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ドイツの哲学者、哲学史家。ポツダムに生まれ、イエナ、ベルリンなどの大学で学び、チューリヒ、フライブルク、シュトラスブルク、ハイデルベルク各大学の教授を務めた。哲学史家としては、各個人の思想の記述を中心とする従来の方法に対して、哲学的問題や概念の歴史的展開の諸相を重視する方法をとり、かといってヘーゲル流の観念的構成に流れぬ、真に学問的な哲学史の構築を目ざし大きな業績をあげた。これは、新カント学派中、西南ドイツ学派の代表者として、19世紀後半以来の唯物論、実証主義に対抗する彼の文化哲学者、価値哲学者としての仕事と表裏一体の関係にある。すなわち、彼は、「カントを理解することは彼を超えることである」として、従来の自然科学とその批判的基礎づけという側面に偏ったカント理解に対して、歴史や文化を対象とする「精神科学」を視野のうちに取り入れ、両科学を対象と方法の側面で批判的に位置づける形で、カントの発展的継承を試みる。自然科学は法則定立的な法則学であるのに対し、精神科学は個性記述的なできごとの学にほかならないとする彼の考えには、価値や人格の自由にかかわる事柄を時代の学的状況に即して位置づけようとする姿勢が示されている。主著に『哲学史教本』『歴史と自然科学』『哲学概論』などがある。

[坂部 恵 2015年2月17日]

『清水清訳『哲学概論』(1960・玉川大学出版部)』

[参照項目] | カント

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Wint

>>:  Winchester rifle - Winchester rifle

Recommend

Hayashida

A type of folk art. A rice planting event accompan...

Nada

This is an area of ​​about 20 kilometers in easte...

JR Tozai Line - JR Tozai Line

This 12.5km line runs underground from Kyobashi St...

Return

…In local jargon from the Edo period, it refers t...

Yellow river mayfly - Yellow river mayfly

...The slow-moving spotted mayfly, with many thor...

Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia)

It is difficult to know when the idea of ​​Italy a...

Arghūl (English spelling) [Arabic]

It is a folk instrument found widely in the Medite...

Oshima cherry - Oshima cherry

A deciduous tall tree of the Rosaceae family (APG...

Dajokan - Dajokan

(1) One of the two offices at the center of the Ri...

Geinichiwan - Geinichiwan

A bay located on the coast (Sea of ​​Japan side) ...

Ampere balance

A device used for absolute measurement of electric...

Kamehameha [the Great] - Kamehameha

Founder of the Kingdom of Hawaii. In 1782, he asce...

Ujiji - Ujiji (English spelling)

A city on Lake Tanganyika in western Tanzania, in...

Fibronectin

…The difference in the arrangement of various mon...