Schleiden, Mathias Jakob

Japanese: シュライデン(英語表記)Schleiden, Mathias Jakob
Schleiden, Mathias Jakob
Born: April 5, 1804, Hamburg
Died: June 23, 1881. Frankfurt am Main. German botanist. Together with T. Schwann, he proposed the cell theory. He studied law at the University of Heidelberg (1824-27) and became a lawyer in Hamburg, but later switched to botany and became a professor at the University of Jena (50). Rebelling against the trend in botany at the time, which was centered on classification, he studied the structure of plants using a microscope. He published Beiträge zur Phytogenesis (38), in which he clarified the idea that the basic unit of the plant body is the cell, which is a microorganism that leads an independent life. He focused on the cell nucleus discovered by R. Braun, and considered the cell nucleus to be the juvenile form of a cell, which grows into a new cell, explaining the proliferation of cells (later, R. Virchow and others pointed out that this was incorrect). Schleiden was one of the first German biologists to accept C. Darwin's theory of evolution. From 1863 he was professor of botany at the University of Dorpat in Estonia.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1804.4.5. ハンブルク
[没]1881.6.23. フランクフルトアムマイン
ドイツの植物学者。 T.シュワンとともに細胞説を唱えた。ハイデルベルク大学で法律を学び (1824~27) ,ハンブルクで弁護士になったが,のち植物学に転じ,イェナ大学教授となる (50) 。分類を中心としていた当時の植物学の風潮に反発し,顕微鏡を用いて植物の構造を研究。『植物の発生に関する研究』 Beiträge zur Phytogenesis (38) を発表し,植物体の基本単位は細胞で,これは独立の生命を営む微小生物であるという考えを明らかにした。彼は R.ブラウンの発見した細胞核に注目し,細胞核を細胞の幼形とみなし,これが成長して新しい細胞になると考えて,細胞の増殖を説明した (後年,R.フィルヒョーらによってまちがいであることが指摘された) 。シュライデンは,C.ダーウィンの進化論を受入れた最初のドイツ人生物学者の一人であった。 1863年より,エストニアのドルパト大学の植物学教授となった。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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