Briand, Aristide

Japanese: ブリアン（英語表記）Briand， Aristide

Born: March 28, 1862 in Nantes
[Died] March 7, 1932. Paris. French politician. After working as a lawyer, he became a socialist and worked as a journalist. In 1902, he was elected as a member of the Loire Department. In 1904, he launched the newspaper L'Humanité with J. Jaurès, and in 1905, he created the Law on Separation of Church and State. In 1906, he joined the Sallian Cabinet as Minister of Education, and served as minister 22 times (15 of which as foreign minister) and prime minister 10 times until his death. In 1905, he left the United Socialist Party and joined the group of independent socialists. During World War I, he promoted the Thessaloniki Expedition and the Balkan Front operations as prime minister and foreign minister. After the war, he promoted international cooperation and collective security based on the League of Nations, and from 1925 to 1932, he worked to normalize relations with Germany, and in recognition of his achievements, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1926 along with G. Stresemann. In August 1928, he signed the Kellogg-Briand Pact (→Kellogg-Briand Pact), and in 1930 he published an important memorandum on a proposal for a European federation, which earned him explosive popularity both at home and abroad. He retired in January 1932.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1862.3.28. ナント
[没]1932.3.7. パリ
フランスの政治家。弁護士を経て社会主義者になりジャーナリストとして活躍。 1902年ロアール県選出議員となり，04年 J.ジョレスとともに『ユマニテ』L'Humanité紙を発刊，05年「政教分離法」を作成。 06年サリアン内閣に文相として入閣以後，没するまで大臣を 22回 (うち 15回は外相) と首相を 10回つとめた。 05年統一社会党を脱して独立社会主義者のグループに位置し，第1次世界大戦中は首相，外相としてセッサロニキ遠征とバルカン戦線の作戦を推進した。戦後国際連盟を拠点とする国際協調主義と集団安全保障体制の路線を進め，25～32年ドイツとの関係の正常化に努力し，その功績が認められて，26年 G.シュトレーゼマンとともにノーベル平和賞を受けた。 28年8月ケロッグ＝ブリアン条約 (→不戦条約 ) を結び，30年ヨーロッパ連邦案についての重要な覚え書を発表し，内外の爆発的人気を獲得した。 32年1月引退。

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