A group of French overseas municipalities in the South Pacific Ocean and central Polynesia. The group consists of 130 islands, including the Society Islands, the Tuamotu Islands, the Tubuai Islands, the Marquesas Islands, and the Gambier Islands. The total land area is 4,167 square kilometers, and the total population is 219,521 (1996). The capital is Papeete on the island of Tahiti. The group is made up of fertile volcanic islands and coral reef islands surrounding a lagoon, and is rich in agricultural products such as copra, palm oil, vanilla, and coffee, and marine products such as mother-of-pearl and black pearls. The group is blessed with historical sites and scenic spots, including Tahiti, and tourism is also a major source of income. Papeete Airport on the island of Tahiti is connected to Paris, Honolulu, Los Angeles, Sydney, Tokyo, Auckland (New Zealand), Santiago (Chile), and other cities, and had 528,675 passengers in 1998. From the 17th and 18th centuries, Portuguese navigator Pedro Fernandes de Queiròs (c. 1560-1614), British navigator John Cook and others arrived in succession, but France took possession of the Marquesas Islands in 1842, the Society and Tuamotu Islands in 1844, the Tubuai Islands in 1850, and the Gambier Islands in 1881, and French sovereignty was established after 1903. [Jouji Oshima] [References] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
南太平洋、ポリネシア中部にあるフランス海外自治体の島々。ソシエテ諸島、ツアモツ諸島、ツブアイ諸島、マルケサス諸島、ガンビエル諸島など約130の島々からなる。陸地総面積4167平方キロメートル、総人口21万9521(1996)。首都はタヒチ島のパペーテ。肥沃(ひよく)な火山島と礁湖を取り囲むサンゴ礁島からなり、コプラ、やし油、バニラ、コーヒーなどの農産物、真珠母貝、黒真珠などの水産物に富む。タヒチ島をはじめとする史跡・景勝地に恵まれ、観光も大きな収入源となっている。タヒチ島のパペーテ空港はパリ、ホノルル、ロサンゼルス、シドニー、東京、オークランド(ニュージーランド)、サンティアゴ(チリ)などと結んでおり、1998年の利用者は52万8675人であった。17、18世紀からポルトガル人航海家キロスPedro Fernandes de Queiròs(1560ころ―1614)、イギリスのJ・クックらの来航が相次いだが、フランスは1842年マルケサス諸島、44年ソシエテ、ツアモツ両諸島、50年ツブアイ諸島、81年ガンビエル諸島を領有、1903年以後フランスの主権が確立した。 [大島襄二] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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