Akita Prefecture - Akita

Japanese: 秋田[県] - あきた

A prefecture located in the center of the Tohoku region on the Sea of Japan side. The prefectural capital is Akita City. Area: 11,637.54 ^km2 . Population: 1,085,997 (2010). [History] Formerly part of Dewa Province, in 733 Dewa no Ki was moved to Takashimizu (Akita City) and Akita Castle was built, becoming the base for subjugating the Ezo. After the Hojo era, the Ando (Akita) clan ruled. In 1602, the Satake clan transferred the territory, built Akita Castle, and ruled the entire area except for the current northeastern and southwestern parts until the end of the Edo period. In 1871, parts of Iwate Prefecture and Yamagata Prefecture were included to form Akita Prefecture. [Nature] Surrounded by mountains on three sides, the Shirakami Mountains are in the north and the Ou Mountains stretch from north to south in the east, with the volcanoes of the Nasu Volcanic Zone erupting parallel to these. In the south, the Hinotodake mountain range and Mt. Chokai are located. Between the Ou Mountains, the Hanawa, Odate, and Takanosu basins are located in the Yoneshiro River basin, and the Yokote basin is located in the Omono River basin. The Noshiro, Akita, and Honjo plains are located in the western coastal area from north to south, and settlements are concentrated in the plains and basins. The climate is in the western Ou climate zone, with cold winters and heavy snowfall, but high temperatures in summer. [Industry] The population by industry is 11.1% in the first period, 26.7% in the second period, and 61.6% in the third period (2005). Known as a rice-producing region, the Akita Plain produces high-quality rice, which is shipped nationwide. Forestry was developed by the Satake clan during the feudal era and is still thriving today, with Akita cedars in the Yoneshiro River basin being particularly famous. The prefecture is rich in minerals, with black ore deposits developed mainly in the Kazuno region, and copper, sulfide, and lead ores accounted for about half of the national production, but since 1985, the rapid appreciation of the yen has led to a decline in production, and in March 1994, the Matsumine and Fukazawa mines in Odate City, the last non-ferrous metal mines in the prefecture, were closed. The Akita oil fields attracted attention as the largest oil field in the country after World War II, but oil production has declined since its peak in 1959. Local industries such as lumber and sake brewing are thriving, as well as pulp and petrochemical industries, which are located in the Akita coastal industrial zone that was developed in 1965 after the city was designated a new industrial city. Reclamation of Lake Hachirogata was completed in 1963, and Ogata Village was established the following year, and mechanized agriculture was introduced. There are Towada-Hachimantai National Park, which includes Lake Towada, Hachimantai, Mt. Komagatake, Lake Tazawa, and many hot springs, as well as the three quasi-national parks of Kurikoma, Chokai, and Oga. There are many events such as Namahage, Kanto, and Bonten, making the area rich in tourist resources. In 1993, the Shirakami-Sanchi Mountains were registered on the World Heritage List of Natural Heritage Sites under the World Heritage Convention. [Transportation] The Ou Main Line connects Akita with Yamagata and Aomori prefectures, and the Uetsu Main Line runs from Akita to Niitsu in Niigata Prefecture along the Sea of Japan side. The Hanawa Line, Kitakami Line, and in spring 1997 the Akita Shinkansen (Tazawako Line) cross the Ou Mountains, and other lines include the Gono Line, Oga Line, Akita Inland Longitudinal Railway, and Akita Expressway. Akita Airport opened in Araya, Akita City in 1961, but was relocated to a new airport in Yuwa Town (now Akita City) to the southeast in 1981, and in 1998 Odate-Noshiro Airport opened in Takanosu Town (now Kitaakita City) to the northeast.
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Japanese:

東北地方日本海側の中部にある県。県庁所在地は秋田市。１万1637.54km²。108万5997人（2010）。〔沿革〕　かつての出羽国に属し，733年高清水（秋田市）に出羽柵(でわのき)を移し秋田城が築かれ蝦夷(えぞ)平定の基地となった。北条氏の時代以後は安東（秋田）氏が支配した。1602年佐竹氏が転封，秋田城を築き，現在の北東部と南西部を除く全域を幕末まで統治した。1871年岩手県，山形県の一部を含めて秋田県となった。〔自然〕　三方を山に囲まれ，北部には白神山地，東部には，奥羽山脈が南北にのび，これに並行して那須火山帯の諸火山が噴出する。南部には丁岳(ひのとだけ)山地と鳥海山などが連なる。奥羽山脈との間の米代(よねしろ)川流域に花輪，大館，鷹巣(たかのす)の諸盆地，雄物川流域に横手盆地など中央盆地列がある。西側の海岸地帯には北から能代，秋田，本荘の各平野があり，集落は平野と盆地に集中する。気候は西奥羽型気候区に属し，冬季は積雪が多く寒冷であるが，夏季は高温となる。〔産業〕　産業別人口の構成は第１次11.1％，第２次26.7％，第３次61.6％（2005）。米どころとして知られ，秋田平野を中心に良質米を産し全国に移出する。林業は藩政時代佐竹藩が育成，現在も盛んで，特に米代川流域の秋田杉が有名である。鉱産物が豊富で，鹿角(かづの)地方を中心に黒鉱鉱床が発達，銅鉱，硫化鉱，鉛鉱が全国産出量の約半分を占めていたが1985年以降急激な円高により衰退し，1994年３月県内最後の非鉄金属鉱山である大館市の松峰，深沢両鉱山が閉山した。秋田油田は第２次大戦後国内最大の油田として注目されたが，1959年を最盛期として産油量は減退した。工業は製材，清酒醸造などの地場産業が盛んなほか，パルプ，石油化学などが1965年に新産業都市に指定されて造成された秋田臨海工業地帯に立地している。八郎潟は1963年に干拓が完了して翌年大潟村が置かれ，機械化農業が導入されている。十和田湖，八幡平，駒ヶ岳，田沢湖と多くの温泉を含む十和田八幡平国立公園，栗駒，鳥海，男鹿の３国定公園があり，なまはげ，竿灯(かんとう)，梵天(ぼんてん)など行事が多く，観光資源が豊富。1993年白神山地が世界遺産条約の自然遺産リストに登録された。〔交通〕　奥羽本線が秋田を中心として山形・青森県と結び，羽越本線が日本海側を秋田から新潟県新津へ通じる。花輪線，北上線および1997年春には秋田新幹線（田沢湖線）が奥羽山脈を越え，ほかに五能線，男鹿線，秋田内陸縦貫鉄道，秋田自動車道などがある。秋田空港は1961年秋田市新屋(あらや)に開港したが，1981年南東の雄和町（現・秋田市）に新空港が開港して移転，1998年には北東の鷹巣町（現・北秋田市）に大館能代空港が開港した。
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