Dome of the Rock - Qubba al-Sakhra; Dome of the Rock

Japanese: 岩のドーム - いわのドーム(英語表記)Qubba al-Sakhra; Dome of the Rock
Dome of the Rock - Qubba al-Sakhra; Dome of the Rock
The Qubba al-Safra, known in Arabic as Qubba al-Safra, is the oldest surviving Islamic building in the sanctuary of the Al-Qasr Mosque in Jerusalem. It was built by the Umayyad Caliph Abdul Malik in 687-691. The central dome covering the Safra (sacred rock) is surrounded by two octagonal galleries in a geometrical design. Safra has been considered sacred since pre-Islamic times, as it is linked to the legend of Abraham, and is said to be the place where Muhammad ascended to heaven and departed to travel to heaven. Malik, who was an enemy of Mecca at the time, changed the object of pilgrimage from the Kaaba to this building, and intended it to be a memorial of victory over other religions. The interior has a marble base and mosaic decoration on the upper part, and the exterior of the wooden dome is made of gilt copper (now gold-plated aluminum), and the exterior walls were remodeled in the 16th century from mosaics to glazed tiles. A masterpiece of Umayyad architecture, which inherited Byzantine architecture while attempting to surpass it.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
アラビア語でクッバ・アッサフラと呼ばれ,エルサレムのアクサー・モスクを含む聖域内に建つ,現存するなかでは最古のイスラム建築。ウマイヤ朝のカリフ,アブドゥル・マリクが 687~691年に建立。サフラ (聖なる岩) をおおう中央ドームの周囲には,八角形回廊が2重にめぐらされ,幾何学的である。サフラはイスラム以前からアブラハムの伝説と結びつき神聖視されており,またムハンマドが昇天し,天界をめぐるために旅立った場所ともいわれる。当時メッカと敵対していたマリクは,巡礼の対象をカーバ神殿からここに変えるとともに,他宗教に対する勝利の記念となることを意図した。内部は基部が大理石張り,上部がモザイク装飾で,木造ドームの外装は鍍金銅板 (現在は金メッキのアルミ板) であり,外壁は 16世紀にモザイクから彩釉タイル装飾に改装されている。ビザンチン建築を受継ぎつつ,それを凌駕しようとしたウマイヤ朝建築の代表作。

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