A flat sedimentary plain found in the lowlands of inland basins in arid regions. "Playa" is a Spanish word meaning beach, but it has become a topographical term and is used in different meanings. After heavy rainfall, water may temporarily accumulate, but the area is usually dry. The deposits are fine-grained materials such as silt and clay, and salts are often deposited. The slope is about 1.5 meters per kilometer, and the undulations rarely exceed 1 meter, making it very flat. The nature of the surface differs depending on the depth of the groundwater level. In places where the groundwater level is deep and only surface water accumulates, there is little salt and the surface is very hard, and it is used for high-speed test tracks for automobiles. As the groundwater level becomes shallower, the amount of salt increases and the surface becomes softer. When the groundwater level is close to the surface, only salts are deposited to a thickness of several meters. In some places, dry patterned soil may form. "Playa" is an international topographical term, but regionally other terms include salina in Central and South America, and sebkha in North Africa. [Yoshihiko Akagi] [Reference] |A flat terrain where water temporarily accumulates after rainfall. The photo shows the saline playa of Death Valley, whose lowest elevation is 86 meters below sea level. It is also known as the "Devil's Golf Course." California, USA © Yoshihiko Akagi "> Playa Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
乾燥地域の内陸盆地の低所にみられる平坦(へいたん)な堆積(たいせき)平野。「プラヤ」は海浜を意味するスペイン語であるが、地形用語となり、異なった意味に使用されている。豪雨のあと一時的に水をたたえることもあるが、乾いているのが常態である。堆積物はシルトや粘土などの細粒物質であり、しばしば塩類が堆積している。勾配(こうばい)は1キロメートルに対し1.5メートル程度で、起伏も1メートルを超えることはまれであり、非常に平坦である。地下水位の深さで表面の性質が異なる。地下水位が深く表流水位だけがたまる所では塩分が少なく、表面は非常に硬く、自動車の高速テストコースなどに使用されている。地下水位が浅くなるとともに塩類が多くなり軟らかくなる。地下水位が表面に近くなると塩類のみ厚さ数メートルまで堆積するようになる。場所により乾燥構造土が形成されることがある。「プラヤ」は国際的地形用語であるが、地域的には中南米でサリナsalina、サラールsalar、北アフリカでセブカsebkhaなどの語が使用されている。 [赤木祥彦] [参照項目] |降雨後、一時的に水がたまる平坦な地形。写真は、最低標高が海面下86mのデス・バリーの塩性プラヤ。「悪魔のゴルフ場」とよばれている。アメリカ カリフォルニア州©赤木祥彦"> プラヤ 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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