Wieland, Christoph Martin

Japanese: ウィーラント（英語表記）Wieland， Christoph Martin

Born: September 5, 1733 in Oberholzheim near Biberach
[Died] January 20, 1813. Weimar German Enlightenment writer. Born the son of a pastor, he grew up receiving a strict Pietistic education, and later studied under the Swiss literary critic Professor Bodmer, but returned home in 1760 to become a civil servant. He then came into contact with French and British Enlightenment literature, and gradually changed his literary attitude from Pietism to Rococo. He was later invited to the Weimar court, where he became close friends with Goethe, and published the literary magazine Der teutsche Merkur (1773-1810), which had a great influence. He was also an ardent admirer of Shakespeare, and made a great contribution by translating many of his plays into prose. His representative works include the autobiographical educational novel Geschichte des Agathon (66-67), the verse novel Musarion (68), the satirical novel Die Abderiten (74), and the verse romance Oberon (80).

Wieland
Wieland, Heinrich Otto

Born: June 4, 1877 in Pforzheim
Died: August 5, 1957, Munich. German chemist. Educated at the universities of Berlin, Stuttgart, and Munich, he was professor at the Technical University of Munich (1917) and the University of Freiburg (21), before becoming professor at the University of Munich (25-53). He made outstanding achievements in research into the structure of bile acids obtained from the liver, and revealed that oxidation reactions in the body are dehydrogenation processes, contributing to the development of physiology, biochemistry, and medicine. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1927.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1733.9.5. ビーベラハ近郊オーバーホルツハイム
[没]1813.1.20. ワイマール
ドイツ啓蒙主義の作家。牧師の息子として生れ，敬虔主義的な厳格な教育を受けて成長，のちスイスの文芸評論家ボドマー教授のもとで指導を受けたが，1760年に帰郷，役人となる。その後フランスやイギリスの啓蒙主義文学に接し，次第に敬虔主義からロココ的文学態度へと転換する。のちにはワイマールの宮廷にも招かれ，ゲーテとも親しく交わり，かたわら文芸誌『メルクール』 Der teutsche Merkur (1773～1810) を発刊，大きな影響力をふるった。また，シェークスピアに心酔して多くの戯曲を散文に翻訳した功績は大きい。代表作は自伝的教養小説『アーガトン物語』 Geschichte des Agathon (66～67) ，韻文物語『ムザーリオン』 Musarion (68) ，風刺小説『アブデラの人々』 Die Abderiten (74) ，韻文ロマンス『オベロン』 Oberon (80) 。

ウィーラント
Wieland， Heinrich Otto

[生]1877.6.4. フォルツハイム
[没]1957.8.5. ミュンヘン
ドイツの化学者。ベルリン，シュツットガルト，ミュンヘンの各大学に学び，ミュンヘン工科大学教授 (1917) ，フライブルク大学教授 (21) を経て，ミュンヘン大学教授 (25～53) 。肝臓から得られる胆汁酸の構造についての研究にすぐれた業績を残したほか，生体内酸化反応が脱水素化過程であることを明らかにし，生理学，生化学，医学の発展に貢献。 1927年ノーベル化学賞を受賞した。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: William [I] - William

>>: Ulrich von Wilamowitz‐Moellendorff