Black coral - Kurosango (English spelling)

Japanese: クロサンゴ - くろさんご(英語表記)black coral
Black coral - Kurosango (English spelling)

The name of the skeleton of a marine animal in the phylum Coelenterata, class Anthozoa, order Horncorals. Horn corals form colonies within which they form an axial skeleton. The skeleton is made of dense pieces of keratin glued together around a central axis, and the zooids and coenchyma form a thin covering on this skeleton. The skeleton has countless rows of spines, but no holes for the zooids or other openings. The thin parts of the skeleton are brown and elastic, but as the skeleton thickens it turns dark brown to black, and the surface becomes thickly covered with a glossy varnish-like substance, losing its elasticity. The skeletons of species with thin axes are used as they are for ornaments, but the skeletons of species with thick axes are carved for decorative purposes and are prized as jewelry. The black corals of the Mediterranean Sea are particularly famous. Horn corals are sometimes called black corals.

[Hiroomi Uchida]

[Reference] | Horned coral

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

腔腸(こうちょう)動物門花虫綱ツノサンゴ目の海産動物の骨格の名称。ツノサンゴ類は群体をつくり、その中に軸状の骨格を形成する。骨格は、その中心軸の周りに緻密(ちみつ)な角質片を膠着(こうちゃく)させたもので、個虫および共肉はこの骨格上を薄く覆い、骨格には無数の棘(とげ)の列があるが、個虫が収まる孔(あな)やその他の孔はない。骨格の細いところは茶色で弾力があるが、太くなると黒褐色から黒色となり、表面を光沢のあるワニス様物質が厚く覆い、弾力性を失う。軸の細い種の骨格はそのまま置物などに利用されるが、軸の太くなる種の骨格は装飾用に細工され、宝石として珍重される。とくに地中海のクロサンゴは有名である。ツノサンゴ類をクロサンゴ類とよぶこともある。

[内田紘臣]

[参照項目] | ツノサンゴ

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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