Carp - Carp

Japanese: フナ(鮒) - フナ

A fish of the Cyprinidae family. It resembles a carp but is distinguished by the lack of a whisker. The dorsal surface is greenish brown to grayish brown. The ventral surface is pale. Body length is 20 to 40 cm. It is widely distributed in temperate parts of Asia, living in rivers and lakes except mountain streams. It stays still on the bottom in winter and becomes active in spring. It eats small crustaceans, insects, plants, etc. It is a fish whose taxonomy is much debated. It is divided into subspecies such as Gengoro-buna (herabuna), which is the largest, Gin-buna (mabuna), which is distributed almost throughout Japan and is a popular fishing target in the Kanto region, Kin-buna (kintaro), which is common in Honshu north of the Kanto region, Nigoro-buna, which is a specialty of Lake Biwa and used for funazushi, and Naga-buna (akabuna), which is common in Lake Suwa. All of them are edible. Iron fish and goldfish are evolved from crucian carp. A closely related European crucian carp lives in Europe. The Gengorobu and Nigorobu are classified as endangered species IB, while the Kinbuna is classified as endangered species II (Ministry of the Environment's 4th Red List).
→ Related article Koi (carp)

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

コイ科の魚。コイに似るが口ひげのない点で区別される。背面は緑褐〜灰褐色。腹面は淡い。体長20〜40cm。アジアの温帯部に広く分布し，山間の渓流部を除く河川や湖沼にすむ。冬は水底に静止し，春活動を開始。小型の甲殻類，昆虫，植物などを食べる。分類学上，論議の多い魚。最も大型になるゲンゴロウブナ（ヘラブナ），ほとんど日本全土に分布し関東で釣の対象として喜ばれるギンブナ（マブナ），関東以北の本州に多いキンブナ（キンタロウ），琵琶湖特産でふなずしに用いられるニゴロブナ，諏訪湖に多いナガブナ（アカブナ）などの亜種に分かれる。いずれも食用となる。テツギョやキンギョはフナから変化したものである。またヨーロッパには近縁のヨーロッパフナが生息する。ゲンゴロウブナとニゴロブナは絶滅危惧IB類，キンブナは絶滅危惧II類（環境省第４次レッドリスト）。
→関連項目コイ（鯉）

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