German sociologist. He started out researching economics but switched to sociology. After serving as a lecturer at the University of Berlin, he became a professor at the University of Cologne in 1919. While teaching economics and sociology, he edited the Cologne Sociological Quarterly and contributed to the development of German sociology. As a liberal, he was pursued by the Nazis and fled to the United States, but after World War II he returned to West Germany, republished the above-mentioned magazine under the name Cologne Sociological Journal, and became president of the German Sociological Society. While he basically inherited Simmel's position on formal sociology, he was also influenced by Thomas and Ross, and under this influence he criticized the speculative and ambiguous nature of Simmel's theory and worked to theoretically systematize sociology from an empirical standpoint. He analyzed society based on the three basic concepts of social process, social relations, and social image, and established the system of sociology as a relational science. His major works include "Sociology: Its History and Principal Problems" (1926) and "The System of General Sociology" (1933). [Masa Iyasu] [References] | | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツの社会学者。経済学の研究から出発したが社会学に転じ、ベルリン大学講師を経て1919年ケルン大学教授になり、経済学と社会学を担当するかたわら『ケルン社会学四季報』を編集、ドイツ社会学の発展に寄与した。自由主義者のゆえにナチスに追われ、アメリカに亡命したが、第二次世界大戦後は西ドイツに帰国し、上記の雑誌を『ケルン社会学雑誌』の名で復刊し、ドイツ社会学会の会長にも就任した。基本的にはジンメルの形式社会学の立場を継承しながらも、さらにトマスやロスの影響も受け、この影響のもとにジンメルの理論の思弁性とあいまい性とを批判し、経験主義的な立場から社会学の理論的な体系化に努力した。そして社会を、社会過程と社会関係と社会形象(けいしょう)の三つの基本概念を基礎として分析し、関係学としての社会学の体系を樹立した。主著に『社会学 その歴史と主要問題』(1926)、『一般社会学体系』(1933)がある。 [居安 正] [参照項目] | | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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