Government envoy - Fuseishi

A local official in the Ming and Qing dynasties of China. The correct name is Chengxuanbu Zhengshi. In the early Ming, the Chengxuanbu Zhengshi Office was established in 13 provinces, and a left and right Fuzhengshi were appointed as the chiefs to manage the politics of the provinces. However, the area around Beijing and Nanjing was called Zhili, and did not have a Fuzhengshi, but the central government directly controlled the prefectures and prefectures. In the Qing dynasty, Southern Zhili was divided into two provinces, Jiangsu and Anhui, and Northern Zhili was also appointed as a province with a Fuzhengshi, but the number of the Fuzhengshi was limited to one. Since the Ming dynasty, high-ranking officials such as governors and governors were temporarily dispatched to the provinces, and eventually became permanent officials who served above the Fuzhengshi, but in terms of the system, the Fuzhengshi was the chief of the province, mainly in charge of finances, and was commonly called a Fangbo.

[Miyazaki City]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、明(みん)・清(しん)代の地方官。正しくは承宣布政使という。明初、地方の13省に承宣布政使司を設け、長官として左・右の布政使を置いて省の政治をつかさどらせた。しかし、北京(ペキン)、南京(ナンキン)付近は直隷(ちょくれい)と称して、布政使を置かず、中央政府が府や州を直轄した。清代には南直隷を江蘇(こうそ)、安徽(あんき)の2省に分かち、北の直隷も省として布政使を置き、かつその人数を1人とした。明以来、臨時に総督、巡撫(じゅんぶ)などの大官が地方に派遣され、やがて常設の官となり、布政使の上に臨んだが、制度上は布政使が省の長官であり、主として財政をつかさどり、俗に方伯(ほうはく)と称せられた。

［宮崎市定］

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