Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts (English) Muzey Izobrazitel'nïh Iskusstv imeni AS Pushkina Russian

Japanese: プーシキン美術館 - ぷーしきんびじゅつかん(英語表記)Музей Изобразительных Искусств имени А. С. Пушкина/Muzey Izobrazitel'nïh Iskusstv imeni A.S. Pushkina ロシア語
Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts (English) Muzey Izobrazitel'nïh Iskusstv imeni AS Pushkina Russian

Located in Moscow, it is the second largest art museum in Russia after the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg. It was opened in 1912 at the suggestion of Moscow University professor Ivan Tsvetaev as a museum to exhibit works collected as teaching materials for Moscow University students. At the time, it was called the Alexander III Museum of Moscow University, but after a change of jurisdiction, it was renamed to its current name in 1937 to commemorate the 25th anniversary of its founding and the 100th anniversary of the death of Pushkin, the father of modern Russian literature. Initially, the museum only displayed Greek and Roman sculptures, copies of Italian and Nordic sculptures, and Egyptian art, but while the contents were expanded, masterpieces of European art were collected after the revolution, with the nationalization of private property, the painting collection was enriched. Among the wide range of works from ancient times to the present, the collection of modern French paintings is world-famous. In addition, in 1993 the museum discovered the so-called "Treasure of Priam," a collection of relics from Schliemann's excavations at Troy that had been evacuated from a museum in Berlin and had been missing since 1945.

[Noriko Minato]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

モスクワにあり、サンクト・ペテルブルグのエルミタージュ美術館に次ぎ、ロシア第二の規模を誇る美術館。モスクワ大学学生の教材として収集された作品を展示する美術館として、1912年、同大学教授イワン・ツベターエフの提唱により開館。当時はモスクワ大学付属アレクサンドル3世美術館とよばれていたが、管轄が変わってのち、創立25周年とロシア近代文学の父プーシキンの没後100年を記念して、1937年現在の名称に改称された。当初はギリシア・ローマの彫刻、イタリアや北欧彫刻のコピー、エジプト美術を並べるくらいであったが、この内容を充実させる一方、革命後は私有財産の国有化に伴ってヨーロッパ美術の名作が集められ、絵画コレクションの充実が図られた。古代から現代に至る幅広い所蔵品のなかでも、フランス近代絵画のコレクションは世界的に名高い。また、ベルリン市内の美術館から疎開されて、1945年以来行方がわからなくなっていたシュリーマンによるトロイの発掘遺品、いわゆる「プリアモスの宝物」の所蔵が、93年、明らかにされた。

[湊 典子]

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