Besançon (English spelling)

Japanese: ブザンソン - ぶざんそん(英語表記)Besançon
Besançon (English spelling)

It is the capital of the Doubs department and the central city of the Franche-Comté region in eastern France. It is located 393 km southeast of Paris, on the Doubs River. It has a population of 117,733 (1999). The old town is located in a spectacular location on a rocky mountain surrounded by a bend in the Doubs River, and is protected by a fortress built by French military engineer Vauban. It was a major city in Gaul and called Vesontio, but was conquered by Caesar. It became a direct territory of the Holy Roman Empire in the 12th century, but was annexed to France in 1674 during the reign of Louis XIV, and became the capital of Franche-Comté. It has the 16th century Palais de Granbelle, the Saint-Jean Cathedral, which combines Romanesque, Gothic, and Baroque styles, as well as an art museum and an astronomical clock. Industry is thriving, with clocks, precision machinery, chemical fibers, ready-made clothing, Moroccan leather, food, and printing industries. It is the birthplace of the writer Victor Hugo. Since 1951, it has also been the venue for the Besançon Conducting Competition.

[Yukihiko Otake]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランス東部、フランシュ・コンテ地方の中心都市で、ドゥー県の県都。パリ南東393キロメートル、ドゥー川沿いに位置する。人口11万7733(1999)。旧市街はドゥー川の曲流部に囲まれた岩山上の絶景地を占め、フランスの軍事技術者ボーバンの築いた城塞(じょうさい)に守られている。ガリアの主要都市でブゾンチオVesontioと称したが、カエサル(シーザー)に征服された。12世紀に神聖ローマ帝国直轄領となるが、ルイ14世時代の1674年にフランスに併合、フランシュ・コンテの首都となった。16世紀のグランベル宮殿、ロマネスク、ゴシック、バロック様式共存のサン・ジャン寺院のほか、美術館、天文時計がある。工業は盛んで、時計、精密機械、化学繊維、既製服、モロッコ皮、食料品、印刷の諸工業が営まれる。作家ビクトル・ユゴーの生誕地。1951年以来、指揮者のコンクール(ブザンソン・コンクール)開催地ともなっている。

[大嶽幸彦]

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