An Arabic word meaning "one who sacrifices himself in fighting for religious or political causes." In the Nizari sect of the Ismaili sect, based in Alamut, it referred to those who risked their lives to assassinate religious or political enemies of the sect at the command of their master. Many notable people, including the Seljuk vizier Nizam al-Mulk, were assassinated by Fida'is. It is said that they were given the drug hashish (marijuana) before going on their missions, but there is no confirmation. In recent years, Palestinian commandos have called themselves Fida'is. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
〈宗教・政治的目的のために一身を犠牲にして戦う者〉を意味するアラビア語。アラムートを本拠としたイスマーイール派のニザール派において,主命により一身を賭して同派の宗教・政治上の敵を暗殺した者を指した。フィダーイーによりセルジューク朝の宰相ニザーム・アルムルクをはじめ多くの名士たちが暗殺された。彼らは使命に赴く前に麻薬ハシーシュ(大麻)を飲まされたとも伝えられるが確証はない。 近年パレスティナ人コマンドは,自らをフィダーイーと呼んでいる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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