Indigenismo

Japanese: インディヘニスモ
Indigenismo
A movement for the protection and restoration of indigenous peoples in Latin America. It has been developed mainly in Mexico, Peru, and Bolivia. The Peruvian thinker J.C. Mariategui, who coined the term, claims that the main purpose of the movement is to reclaim land and rebuild indigenous communities. The activities of Las Casas and others in the 16th century are considered to be its forerunners, and it was first developed in the late 19th century in Peru during the process of modernization and the formation of a nation-state by middle-class intellectuals who feared for the future of indigenous communities in the areas of politics, law, and education. However, due to Mariategui's early death, the movement was limited to education and social welfare within the state system from the 1930s onwards. Meanwhile, Zapata's land reform movement during the Mexican Revolution also ended incompletely, turning into a movement for integration into the state system. In the 1960s, the destruction of indigenous communities progressed again, and as their members migrated to the cities, the movement was revived again, and activities have continued in accordance with the actual conditions of each country. This movement is not only political, but has also always mobilized art, music, literature, ethnology, linguistics, and other fields, producing activists in each field. →Indigenismo literature/Vasconcelos/Menchu ​​→Related topics Arguedas | Indian

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
ラテン・アメリカの原住民の擁護と復権の運動。主にメキシコ,ペルー,ボリビアなどで展開されてきた。命名者であるペルーの思想家J.C.マリアテギは,運動の主目的は土地の奪回であり,原住民共同体の再建であると主張。16世紀のラス・カサスらの活動がその先駆と考えられ,最初,19世紀末のペルーにおける近代化と国民国家形成の過程で,原住民共同体の将来を危惧する中産階級の知識人によって政治,法律,教育などの側面で展開された。しかし,マリアテギが夭折したため,1930年代以降,運動は国家体制内での教育,社会福祉に限定された。一方,メキシコ革命におけるサパタの土地改革運動も不完全に終わり,国家体制への統合運動と化してしまった。1960年代に入って,再度原住民共同体の破壊が進行し,その成員が都市へ流出する過程で,再び運動が蘇生し,各国の実情に照応した活動が続けられている。この運動は政治的手段だけでなく,常に絵画,音楽,文学,民族学,言語学などをも動員して展開され,それぞれの分野で活動家を生んでいる。→インディヘニスモ文学/バスコンセロス/メンチュ
→関連項目アルゲダス|インディオ

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