...The term was used to refer to a portion of the profits from land or commercial activities that was offered as offerings to shrines and temples or as a gift to the Imperial Court. The term was also called "hatowo" or "first harvest," and the original meaning was probably the name for the first harvest of the year, or the first offering to the gods, Buddha, or the Imperial Court. In Hida Province at the end of the Heian period, kamibunden was established alongside hakkoden and higanden in the Butsukishida rice fields of Ichinomiya, and many medieval sales and transfer documents in the Katsuoji Temple documents of Settsu Province state that in addition to the honshoto and kajishi, the burden of rice fields included "charcoal from the Kasuga rice field and kamibun rice."... *Some of the terminology that refers to "first fruits" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…〈地利(ちり)上分〉〈交易上分〉〈供祭(くさい)上分料〉などといわれ,土地や商業活動の収益の一部を,社寺の供祭物,朝廷の供御(くご)として貢納したものを指す。上分はまた〈ハトヲ〉〈御初穂物〉と呼ばれることもあり,原義は初穂すなわちその年はじめて収穫した穀物を神仏または朝廷に最初に奉ったものの称であったと思われる。平安末期の飛驒国では,同国の一宮の仏神田に八講田,彼岸田などとならんで上分田が設置されていたし,摂津国勝尾寺文書にある多数の中世の売券,譲状には,田畠の負担として本所当(ほんしよとう),加地子(かじし)のほかに〈春日御年貢の炭,上分米〉があったことが記されている。… ※「御初穂物」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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