When a polynomial is equal to the product of two or more polynomials, each polynomial that appears in the product is called a factor of the original polynomial, and expressing a given polynomial as a product of its factors is called factorizing it. For example, In general, factorization is done as much as possible (until each factor cannot be further factorized). For example, in the second example above, the two factors a-b and a+b cannot be further factorized. Also, in the first example, the factor x2 +2 cannot be further factorized if the coefficients are restricted to real numbers. However, if complex numbers are allowed for the coefficients, this can be further reduced. There is no general method for factoring any polynomial. Factorization methods are devised for the given expression. However, the basic factorization formulas can be applied. For example, using the formula a 2 -b 2 =(a-b)(a+b), In relation to equation theory, if we allow the coefficients to be complex numbers, then we can write n-th degree algebraic equations [Yoshio Takeuchi] ©Shogakukan "> Factorization Formula Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
一つの整式が二つ以上の整式の積に等しいとき、積に現れる各整式をもとの整式の因数といい、与えられた整式をその因数の積で表すことを因数分解するという。たとえば、 一般に因数分解はできるだけ(各因数がそれ以上因数分解できないまで)分解することが普通である。たとえば前掲の第二の例で二つの因数a-b、a+bはもはや因数分解できない。また第一の例で因数x2+2は、係数を実数に制限すれば、もはや分解できない。しかし係数に複素数を許せば、これはさらに 任意の整式を因数分解する一般的方法は存在しない。与えられた式に即して分解の方法がくふうされる。しかし、基本的な因数分解の公式が応用される。たとえば、公式a2-b2=(a-b)(a+b)を用いて、 方程式論と関連して、係数を複素数まで許せば、n次代数方程式 [竹内芳男] ©Shogakukan"> 因数分解公式 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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