The capital of Vitebsk Oblast in the Republic of Belarus. It is located about 220 km northeast of Minsk and developed on both banks of the Western Dvina River. It has a large river port and is an important industrial city on the railway linking Riga and Moscow. It has a population of 358,400 (1998) and an urban area of 377,932 (2018 estimate). It was first recorded in 1021, became part of the Polokwane Principality in the 11th century, and was the capital of the small independent principality of Vitebsk for 200 years from 1101. It is located on the so-called "Varyag (meaning Norman) road to Greece" connecting the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea, and developed as a trade route. It became part of Lithuania in 1320, Poland in 1569, and finally became part of Russia after the First Partition of Poland in 1772. It has industries in textiles, clothing, shoemaking, food, and machinery (measuring machines, radio). [Shigeru Yamamoto] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ベラルーシ(白ロシア)共和国ビテプスク州の州都。ミンスクの北東約220キロメートルにあり、西ドビナ川の両岸に発達する。大きな河港をもち、リガとモスクワを結ぶ鉄道上の重要な工業都市。人口35万8400(1998)、都市圏37万7932(2018推計)。1021年に記録に現れ、11世紀にポーロツク公国の一部となり、1101年から200年間、独立小国ビテプスク公国の首都となった。バルト海と黒海とを結ぶいわゆる「バリャーグ(ノルマン人の意)からギリシアへの道」に位置し、通商路として発展した。1320年リトアニア領、1569年ポーランド領、のち最終的には1772年の第一次ポーランド分割後ロシア領となった。繊維、衣服、製靴、食品、機械工業(測定機械、ラジオ)がある。 [山本 茂] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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