Career system

Japanese: キャリア･システム（英語表記）career system

A system that guarantees public service as a lifelong career. The government positions are called career services. As administrative functions expand and administrative content becomes more complex and specialized in modern nations, it has become necessary to secure civil servants with specialized knowledge and skills to ensure stable and continuous administration. In response to this need, the establishment of a career system has become a central issue in the modern civil service system. In particular, in the United States, unlike Japan, where lifetime employment and seniority-based pay are strong, the spoils system, which is a system of politically-based appointments, has been widely practiced.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

公務を生涯の職業として保障する制度。また，その官職をキャリア･サービスcareer serviceという。現代国家における行政機能の拡大と行政内容の複雑･専門化とともに，行政の安定した，継続的運営のためには，専門的知識と能力を備えた公務員の確保が必要となってきた。こうした必要にこたえて，キャリア･システムの確立が現代の公務員制度の中心的課題になっている。とくにアメリカでは，終身雇用，年功序列の強い日本とは異なり，スポイルズ･システム(猟官制度)と呼ばれる政治的情実任用が広範に行われてきた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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