Bighorn - Bighorn (English spelling)

Japanese: ビッグホーン - びっぐほーん(英語表記)bighorn
Bighorn - Bighorn (English spelling)

An animal of the order Artiodactyla, family Bovidae. A type of wild sheep, also known as the bighorn sheep. It is found in the mountainous areas of Siberia, the Kamchatka Peninsula, and North America through to Mexico. Its habitat is dry wasteland, and in Mexico it also lives on the outskirts of the desert, and in mountainous areas it can be seen above the tree line.

It is the second largest species after the Argali sheep, the largest wild sheep, with males standing 90-110cm tall at the shoulder and weighing 140kg, and females 80-90cm tall at the shoulder and weighing 90kg. It has a sturdy body and both sexes have horns. The male's horns are particularly huge, as their name suggests, with a thick base that curves in a spiral shape more than once and the tip pointing outwards. Some large ones have reached a length of 104cm. Body color varies depending on the habitat and individual, and can vary from white to gray to brown. However, all have a large white spot on their rump. Young animals have long, woolly hair and are pale brown in color.

They usually live in groups of 10 to 70 individuals, but in summer they form groups of only males, while females and their young form separate groups. Mating season is from late autumn to early winter, when males form harems and engage in fierce combat by clashing their horns. The gestation period is about 180 days, and the female gives birth to one baby per litter, but sometimes two. The young are weaned at one month old and begin to eat soft grass. They are herbivorous, and mainly feed on grasslands around water sources, but in winter they forage for lichen, mushrooms, and other creatures. There is a record of them surviving for 20 years in captivity. There are examples of them being kept in zoos in Japan, and they are the symbol of Yokohama Municipal Kanazawa Zoo.

[Shiro Nakagawa]

"Seton's Animal Stories 9: The Great Buffalo Migration" by E. T. Seton, translated by Yoshiharu Imaizumi (1998, Kinokuniya Shoten)

[Reference] | Argali Sheep | Sheep

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

哺乳(ほにゅう)綱偶蹄(ぐうてい)目ウシ科の動物。野生ヒツジの一種で、オオツノヒツジ(大角羊)ともよばれる。シベリア、カムチャツカ半島および北アメリカを経てメキシコまでの山地に分布する。生息地は乾燥した荒れ地で、メキシコでは砂漠の周辺にもすみ、山岳地帯では森林限界より上にも姿をみせる。

 最大の野生ヒツジであるアルガリヒツジに次ぐ大形種で、雄で肩高90~110センチメートル、体重140キログラム、雌で肩高80~90センチメートル、体重90キログラムに達する。頑丈な体形をなし、雌雄ともに角(つの)がある。とくに雄の角はその名のとおり巨大で、基部は太く、螺旋(らせん)状に1回転以上曲がり、先端は外方に向かっている。大きなものでは、長さ104センチメートルに達した例がある。体色は生息地や個体によって一定せず、白色、灰色、茶色などの変化がある。しかし、いずれも臀部(でんぶ)には白色の大きな斑紋(はんもん)がある。幼獣では、長い羊毛状の毛があり、色も淡い褐色である。

 普通10~70頭ほどの群れをつくって行動するが、夏は雄だけの群れをつくり、雌と子は別の群れをつくる。晩秋から初冬にかけては交尾期で、雄はハレムをつくり、角をぶつけ合う激しい闘争が行われる。妊娠期間は180日ほどで、1産1子、ときに2子を産む。子は生後1か月で離乳し、柔らかい草を食べ始める。草食性で、水場周辺の草地をおもな採食場とするが、冬季には地衣類、キノコなどをあさる。飼育下で20年の生存記録がある。日本の動物園でも飼育例があり、横浜市立金沢動物園ではシンボルマークとなっている。

[中川志郎]

『E・T・シートン著、今泉吉晴監訳『シートン動物誌9 バッファローの大移動』(1998・紀伊國屋書店)』

[参照項目] | アルガリヒツジ | ヒツジ

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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