Art criticism

Japanese: 美術批評 - びじゅつひひょう（英語表記）art criticism

Generally, it is some kind of judgment about a work of art, especially a value judgment, and is used to distinguish whether a work is good or bad and to give an evaluation. Before the 19th century, judgmental criticism, which evaluates value, was influential, but after that, impressionistic criticism, appreciative criticism, and aesthetic criticism, which are based on the critic's impressions, were developed. However, from the second half of the 19th century, scientific empirical criticism was developed to compensate for the shortcomings of these criticisms. Furthermore, historical criticism by Italians such as Venturi and Croce, a position that includes art and art theory in criticism by British critics such as Richards and Eliot, and creative criticism, in which the critic approaches the work of art with creativity comparable to that of the artist and recreates it while permeating every detail with his or her own sensibilities, were developed.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

一般的には美術作品に対するなんらかの判断，ことに価値判断であり，作品の良否を判別し，評価を下すこと。 19世紀以前は価値を評価する裁断批評が有力であったが，その後，批評家の印象に基づく印象批評，鑑賞批評，審美批評が生れた。しかし 19世紀後半からそれらがもつ欠陥を補うため科学的実証的批評が展開された。さらにイタリアのベントゥーリやクローチェらの歴史的批評，イギリスのリチャーズやエリオットのように美術や芸術学を批評のうちに含めて考える立場，批評家が芸術家に匹敵する創造性をもって芸術作品に迫り，そのあらゆる細部にわたってみずからの感覚を浸透させつつ再創造を行うという創造的批評などが発展した。

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