Hijaz - Hijaz (English spelling) ijāz

Japanese: ヒジャーズ - ひじゃーず(英語表記)ijāz
Hijaz - Hijaz (English spelling) ijāz

The name of a region in western Saudi Arabia. It refers to the long, narrow coastal area between the Gulf of Aqaba and the Asir region. Hijaz means "barrier" in Arabic. It consists of a plain called Tihama facing the Red Sea and the Hijaz Mountains that run parallel to it. The Hijaz Mountains are connected to the mountains of the Asir region in the south and extend 1,800 kilometers to the Republic of Yemen, forming a natural barrier that blocks the moist winds from the sea. The Hijaz region is home to the Islamic holy cities of Mecca and Medina, and their respective outer ports of Jeddah and Yanbu. The climate of the coastal plain where these cities are located is dry and hot, with an annual rainfall of around 100 mm, and a small temperature difference between summer and winter. In contrast, the climate in the Hijaz Mountains is somewhat warmer, and oasis agriculture is practiced. In particular, Taif in the southeast of the Hijaz Mountains does not exceed 40°C even in summer, making it a summer resort in Saudi Arabia.

[Motoko Katakura]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

サウジアラビア西部の地方名。アカバ湾とアシール地方の間の細長い海岸地域をさす。ヒジャーズとはアラビア語で「障壁」の意。紅海に面したティハーマとよばれる平野部と、それに並行するヒジャーズ山脈からなる。ヒジャーズ山脈は、南部のアシール地方の山々に連なり、イエメン共和国まで1800キロメートルにわたって延び、海からの湿った風を遮る自然の障壁となっている。ヒジャーズ地方にはイスラム教の聖都メッカ、メディナと、それぞれの外港であるジッダ、ヤンブーがある。これらの都市が位置する海岸平野部の気候は乾燥酷熱で、年降水量は100ミリメートル前後であり、夏と冬の温度差が小さい。それに対しヒジャーズ山脈では気候がやや温暖で、オアシス農業が行われている。とくにヒジャーズ山脈南東部のターイフでは、夏でも気温が40℃を超えることがなく、サウジアラビアの避暑地となっている。

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