Sauce - Hishio

Japanese: 醬 - ひしお

The most important fermented seasoning in ancient Japan. Some were made from soybeans, while others used fish or game meat. In China, they were called "sauce" or "kai" and were made from ancient times. The Zhou Rites show that it was often used at banquets at the imperial court, and the notes say that it was made by mixing game meat or fish with koji and salt, adding sake and sealing it in a jar. It is a kind of salted fish. In the Xiangdang chapter of the Analects, Confucius is seen saying, "If you don't have the right sauce, don't eat it," and it is said that each dish should use the appropriate sauce.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

古代の日本で最も重要だった発酵調味料。大豆を原料とするものと，魚や鳥獣肉を使うものとがあった。中国では〈醬（しよう）〉，あるいは〈醢（かい）〉と呼び，きわめて古くから作られていた。《周礼（しゆらい）》には宮廷の宴会に多用されたことが見え，その注によると，鳥獣肉や魚にこうじと塩をまぜ，酒を加えてかめに密封して作るものであった。いわば塩辛のたぐいである。《論語》郷党編には孔子が〈その醬を得ざれば食わず〉といったことが見え，料理にはそれぞれそれにふさわしい醬を用いるべきものとされている。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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