German physicist. Born in Karlsruhe. Studied at the University of Berlin and the University of Munich, and became a private lecturer at the University of Göttingen in 1929. Pursued by the Nazis, he went to England and conducted research at the University of Bristol from 1933. Became a professor at the University of Dublin in 1945 and at the University of Zurich in 1949. His main research fields are quantum chemistry, quantum theory of bremsstrahlung of charged particles, meson theory, and cosmic rays. In order to elucidate the force by which atoms bond to form molecules, in 1927 together with F. London, he applied quantum mechanics to hydrogen molecules, the structure of which had become clear, and established the basis of the quantum theory of chemical bonds. In this way, a problem that had existed since Avogadro's molecular hypothesis was fundamentally solved. He has been a member of the Royal Society of London since 1948. [Kanji Fujii] "Quantum Theory of Radiation, Volumes 1 and 2, by Heitler, translated by Katsuro Sawada (1958/on-demand edition, 2000, Yoshioka Shobo) " "Thoughts and Travels: At the Intersection of Science and Philosophy, by Heitler, translated by Motoyoshi Sugita (1975, Kyoritsu Shuppan)" [References] | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツの物理学者。カールスルーエ生まれ。ベルリン大学、ミュンヘン大学で学び、1929年からゲッティンゲン大学私講師。ナチスに追われてイギリスに渡り、1933年からブリストル大学で研究した。1945年ダブリン大学教授、1949年チューリヒ大学教授となる。おもな研究は、量子化学、荷電粒子の制動放射の量子論、中間子論、宇宙線などの分野である。原子が結合して分子をつくる力を解明するため、1927年にF・ロンドンと、構造が判明してきた水素分子に量子力学を適用し、化学結合の量子理論の基礎を確立。こうしてアボガドロの分子仮説以来の課題が基本的解決をみた。1948年よりロンドン王立協会会員。 [藤井寛治] 『ハイトラー著、沢田克郎訳『輻射の量子論』上下(1958/オンデマンド版・2000・吉岡書房)』▽『ハイトラー著、杉田元宜訳『思索と遍歴 科学と哲学の接点に立って』(1975・共立出版)』 [参照項目] | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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