Shading method

Japanese: 陰影法 - いんえいほう

When light is shone on an object, the dark area that forms on the surface on which the object is placed is called a shadow, and the dark area that forms on the surface of the object itself is called a shade, and the painting technique of depicting these is called shading. This is an essential element in reproducing the vision when the human eye recognizes an object in space. In the fields of optics and geometry, there is a diagram of the scientific theory of projection (shade projection). Shading to create a sense of volume for an individual object was already used in Greece and Rome, but in the Renaissance (L.B. Alberti), a scientific shading technique was developed in which light from a fixed light source is shone on a unified space to express the relationships between objects and the atmosphere that fills the space.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

光線で物体を照らしたときに，物体の置かれた台の上にできる暗部を影shadow，物体それ自身の表面にできるものを陰shadeといい，これらを描写する絵画の技術を陰影法と呼ぶ。これは，空間内の物体を人間の目が認識した場合のビジョン(視覚)の再現に不可欠の要素である。光学と幾何学の分野には，その科学的な投影理論の図式(陰影図法)がある。ギリシア，ローマではすでに個体の量感を出すための陰影法があったが，ルネサンス(L.B.アルベルティ)にいたり，統一的空間内に一定の光源をもつ光線をあて，物体相互の関連と，空間内を満たす空気を表現する科学的な陰影法が発展した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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