Suspended bedding. It is made of a net or cloth woven from materials such as cotton, hemp, or nylon, and is hung at both ends. It is said to have originated from the indigenous people of Brazil in South America, who used hammocks woven from the bark of a tree called hammock. After coming into contact with them, Europeans began to use it widely as bedding outdoors in the summer and on merchant and military ships, due to its excellent breathability and storage properties. There are many different types of hammocks, from the bark hammocks of the indigenous Lacandon people of Mexico to those of the Kuna people of Panama and Colombia, whose cloth is decorated with bird feather patterns. Among the Amazonian Indians, it is often spoken of in relation to religious worldviews and rituals. It has been reported that if a man returns to his hut and finds a girl's hammock hanging under his own hammock, he is considered to have been married from that moment on, and the indigenous Desana society of the Colombian Amazon regards the placenta as a "piece of cloth," "wrapping," or "shell," so the hammock has a symbolic meaning. When they appear in scenes of human death or a woman's first menstruation (menarche), they should be considered to have more than just a function as everyday items. [Yuji Seki] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
吊(つ)り寝具。綿、麻、ナイロンなどの材質で編まれたネットや布の両端を吊って用いる。南米ブラジルの先住民が、ハマックという樹皮で編んだものを用いていたのが始まりといわれている。通気性、収納性が優れているため、彼らとの接触後、ヨーロッパ人は、夏期戸外や商船や軍艦での寝具として広く利用するようになった。メキシコの先住民ラカンドンの樹皮性のハンモックから、布に鳥の羽の文様をあしらったパナマ、コロンビアのクナ人のものまで多種多様である。アマゾンのインディオの間では、宗教的世界観、儀礼などに関連して語られることが多い。男が小屋に戻ってきて、自分のハンモックの下に女の子のハンモックが下げられていたら、そのときから彼は結婚したことになるという報告があるし、コロンビア領アマゾンの先住民デサナの社会では胞衣(えな)を「布きれ」「包みもの」「殻」としてとらえることから、ハンモックに象徴的な意味をもたせている。人間の死や女性の初経(初潮)の場面で登場するのは、単なる生活用具としての機能を超えていると考えるべきである。 [関 雄二] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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