A Buddhist scripture. Its original name was Prajñāpāramitā-hdaya-sūtra, an abbreviation of the Heart Sutra of Perfection of Wisdom. It is also abbreviated as Heart Sutra. Hridaya (heart) means heart, and refers to the essence or center. Of the group of Prajnaparamita Sutras, which were created in various versions and gradually expanded to become enormous, this sutra expresses the central idea very succinctly, and is one of the shortest of all Buddhist scriptures. It contains the famous phrase "Form is emptiness, emptiness is form" (things that appear with color and shape do not exist as real entities, and it is precisely because they do not exist as real entities that they appear with color and shape), and at the end is a mantra, which has been familiar to Japanese people since ancient times. The original text has often been translated into Chinese, and there are seven versions that remain, but the one that is most often read and copied in temples and among the general public is the Heart Sutra translated by Xuanzang. Interestingly, copies of Sanskrit books have been passed down to Japan, and there are two versions, the "Kohon" and the "Ohon," with the "Kohon" (corresponding to Xuanzang's translation) kept at Horyuji Temple and the "Ohon" at Hasedera Temple (Nara). [Mitsunori Saegusa] "The Heart Sutra and the Diamond Sutra, translated and annotated by Nakamura Hajime and Kino Kazuyoshi (Iwanami Shoten, Iwanami Classics 50)" ▽ "The Truth of the Prajnaparamita Sutra, by Saegusa Mitsunori (1971, Shunjusha)" [Supplementary material] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
仏教経典。原名をプラジュニャーパーラミター・フリダヤ・スートラPrajñāpāramitā-hdaya-sūtraといい、『般若波羅蜜多(はらみった)心経』の略。『心経』とも略す。フリダヤ(心)は心臓を表し、心髄・中心などを意味する。種々つくられ、しだいに増広されて膨大なものとなった般若経典群のうち、その中心思想をきわめて簡潔に述べた経で、仏教の全経典のうち、もっとも短いものに属する。そのなかに、「色即是空(しきそくぜくう)、空即是色」(いろ・かたちをもって現れているものは、実体としてあるのではなく、実体としてあるのではないからこそ、いろ・かたちをもって現れる)の有名な語句があり、末尾に真言(しんごん)があって、古来日本人には親しい。原典はしばしば漢訳され、現存するものも7種あるが、寺院や民間でよく読まれ写経されるのは、玄奘(げんじょう)訳『般若波羅蜜多心経』である。 サンスクリット本の写本は、興味深いことに、日本に伝わっていて、「小本」と「大本」があり、小本(玄奘訳に相当)は法隆寺に、大本は長谷(はせ)寺(奈良)にある。 [三枝充悳] 『中村元・紀野一義訳注『般若心経・金剛般若経』(岩波書店・岩波クラシックス50)』▽『三枝充悳著『般若経の真理』(1971・春秋社)』 [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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