Exemption - Menjo

Japanese: 免除 - めんじょ
Exemption - Menjo

Under the Civil Code, a creditor may extinguish a debt by expressing his/her intention to the debtor (Article 519 of the Civil Code). Since exemption is a unilateral act, it is carried out unilaterally by the creditor, regardless of the intention of the debtor. It is also possible to exempt a portion of the debt, and conditional exemptions are also permitted. Exemptions have the effect of extinguishing a debt. However, if the debt is subject to the rights of a third party, it is understood that the exemption cannot be asserted against such a third party. In addition, under administrative law, exemption is a type of administrative act, and refers to an administrative act that partially or completely removes the obligation to act, provide, or tolerate something imposed by law or administrative act in certain cases. For example, exemption from the obligation to attend school due to poor health, etc. (Article 18 of the School Education Act).

[Toshio Takeuchi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

民法上は、債権者が債務者に対する意思表示により債務を消滅させること(民法519条)。免除は単独行為であるから、債務者の意思を問わず、債権者の一方的意思によって行われる。債務の一部についての免除も可能であり、また条件付きの免除も認められる。免除によって債権消滅の効果が生ずる。ただし、その債権が第三者の権利の対象となっている場合には、免除をもってこのような第三者に対抗できないものと解されている。なお、行政法上では、免除は行政行為の種類の一つであり、法令あるいは行政行為によって課されている作為・給付・受忍義務につき、特定の場合に、その一部ないし全部を解除する行政行為をいう。たとえば、病弱等による就学義務の免除(学校教育法18条)などである。

[竹内俊雄]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Duty-free - Menzei

>>:  Menshibai - Masked play

Recommend

Ligustrum japonicum (Ligustrum japonicum)

An evergreen shrub of the Oleaceae family, also kn...

Yoshiaki Kasagi

1892-1955 A nationalist from the Taisho to Showa ...

Pearson, Karl

Born: March 27, 1857, London [died] April 27, 1936...

Kyoukashi - Kyoukashi

In other words, for the people living in cities a...

wertrational

…The ultimate support of ethos is found within th...

Rock painting - Ganpekiga (English spelling) rock drawing

Also called rock paintings. They are paintings on ...

Ryanggang Province

A province in the northwest of North Korea. It bo...

Crown shelf - It's a crown

〘Noun〙① A shelf for placing crowns. Later it was a...

Mageshima Island

An uninhabited island located in the sea about 10k...

Nǔngsan-ri Burial Mounds - Nǔngsan-ri Burial Mounds

A group of ancient tombs in Neungsan-ri, Buyeo-eup...

Developing countries

In contrast to developed countries, they used to ...

Red fish (akahata) - Red fish

...The body is pale pink or crimson red, with fiv...

Arrowtooth flounder

A marine fish belonging to the order Pleuronectif...

Dernburg, H.

...Historical jurisprudence thus developed into P...

Furano [city] - Furano

A city in central Hokkaido. It was incorporated as...