The band-like structure of the energy levels of electrons in a crystal. The valence band, forbidden band, and conduction band are arranged in order of decreasing energy, and electrons fill the energy levels from lowest to highest according to the Pauli principle. Insulators and semiconductors have a forbidden band between the valence band and conduction band, where no electrons exist. In conductors, the Fermi level is in the valence band, and electrons with energy above this level contribute to electrical conduction. The theory that deals with the properties of solids involving electrons, based on this band structure, is called band theory. Band structure. Source: About Shogakukan Digital Daijisen Information | Legend |
結晶内の電子のエネルギー準位がとる帯状の構造。エネルギーが低い順から価電子帯、禁制帯、伝導帯が並び、電子はパウリの原理に従ってエネルギー準位が低いところから順に埋まっていく。絶縁体および半導体では、価電子帯と伝導帯の間に電子が存在しない禁制帯がある。導体の場合、価電子帯にフェルミ準位があり、それを上回るエネルギーをもつ電子が電気伝導に寄与する。このようなバンド構造に基づいて、電子がかかわる固体の性質を扱う理論をバンド理論という。帯構造。
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