Half engineering, half learning (English: half engineering, half learning)

Japanese: 半工半学 - はんこうはんがく（英語表記）bàn gōng bàn xué

China's education system is one in which students study while working. It takes many different forms, including working half a day and studying half a day, or working and studying every other day. It became popular in the liberated areas as a way to receive an education while producing food and earning money for school fees. From 1958 onwards, it was seen as a way to popularise early secondary education, and agricultural middle schools, where students study half on the farm and half on the school day, and vocational middle schools, where students study half on the work day and half on the school day, spread rapidly in rural areas and cities, respectively, reaching 20,000 schools and 2 million students by the end of the year. From 1963 onwards, it was further encouraged as a way to narrow the gap between physical and mental labour, and by 1965 the number of schools had increased to 61,600, with the number of students increasing to 4,433,400.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

働きながら学ぶ中国の教育システム。半日労働･半日学習，隔日に労働･学習など形態は多様である。食糧などを生産したり，学費を稼いだりしながら教育も受けられる方法として解放区で普及した。58年以降，前期中等教育の普及をはかる手段として評価され，農村で半農半学の農業中学が，都市で半労半学の職業中学が急速に普及し，年末には2万校，生徒数200万人に達した。63年以降は，肉体労働と精神労働の差を縮小するのに役立つものとしてさらに奨励され，65年には6万1600校，生徒数443万3400人に増大した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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