Hawaiian music (English)

Japanese: ハワイアン･ミュージック（英語表記）Hawaiian music

Music that was created by adding Western musical elements to the folk music of the Hawaiian Islands. It is also simply called "Hawaiian." The Polynesian Kanaka people, the natives of the Hawaiian Islands, had unaccompanied singing, oli, percussion instruments (such as the gourd "ipu" and bamboo "pu'ili"), and dance (hula). In the 19th century, Christian hymns were brought to the islands by Americans, and Western-style melodies and harmonies were absorbed. Furthermore, the guitar was introduced by Mexicans, and the small guitar by Portuguese. As a result, slack key (a Hawaiian folk guitar playing style with its own tuning and playing method), steel guitar, and ukulele were invented, and by the end of the 19th century, the classical Hawaiian style, represented by "Aloha Oe" (composed by Queen Liliuokalani in 1878), was completed.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

ハワイ諸島の民俗音楽に，欧米の音楽の要素が加わって成立した音楽。単に〈ハワイアン〉ともいう。ハワイ諸島原住のポリネシア系のカナカ族は，無伴奏の歌オリ，打楽器(ひょうたんの〈イプ〉，竹のささら〈プーイリ〉など)と踊り(フラ)などをもっていた。19世紀にアメリカ人によりキリスト教の賛美歌が持ち込まれて西洋式のメロディとハーモニーを吸収し，さらにメキシコ人によりギター，ポルトガル人により小型ギターが紹介されることによって，スラック･キーslack key(独自の調弦と演奏法によるハワイの民俗的ギター奏法)，スチール･ギター，ウクレレが考案され，19世紀末には《アロハ･オエAloha Oe》(リリウオカラニ女王が1878年に作った)に代表されるハワイアンの古典様式が完成した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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