Painter. His real name was Balthazar Klossowski de Rola. He was born in Paris as the second son of an old family descended from Polish nobility. Both his parents were painters, and his older brother Pierre was a writer. He taught himself to paint from an early age, and at the age of 13 published a collection of sketches called "Mitz" with a preface by Rilke. He held his first solo exhibition at the Galerie Pierre in Paris in 1934, and attracted the attention of the Surrealists, but he never joined their movement. The subjects of his works are very ordinary scenes and people such as streets, rooms, and landscapes, but his paintings have a mysterious atmosphere as if they are detached from the real world. He established his own unique figurative painting with classical techniques and compositions backed by his deep knowledge of early Renaissance painting and Oriental art, and images filled with mysterious eroticism that is also reminiscent of Surrealism, and occupies a solitary position in the history of 20th century art. From 1961 to 1977, he served as director of the Académie de France in Rome at the request of Minister of Culture André Malraux (1901-1976). His representative works include "Beautiful Days" (1944-46) and "The Rue Saint-André Commerce" (1952-54). He died at his home in Rossinière, southeastern Switzerland. [Shogo Otani] "Balthus: Life and Works" by Claude Roy, translated by Yosano Fumiko (1997, Kawade Shobo Shinsha) [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
画家。本名バルタザール・クロソウスキー・ド・ローラBalthazar Klossowski de Rola。ポーランド貴族の流れをくむ旧家の次男としてパリに生まれる。両親も画家であり、兄ピエールは作家。幼いころから絵画を独習し、13歳のときリルケの序文を伴う素描集『ミツ』を刊行した。1934年にパリのピエール画廊で最初の個展を開き、シュルレアリストたちから注目を浴びるが、彼らの運動に加わることはなかった。作品の題材として選ばれるのは街路や室内、風景などのごく日常的な光景や人物であるが、画面は現実の世界から切り離されたかのような不思議な雰囲気をまとう。初期ルネサンス絵画や東洋美術への深い造詣(ぞうけい)に裏打ちされた古典的な技法や構図と、シュルレアリスムにも通じるような謎めいたエロティシズムに満ちたイメージで、独自の具象絵画を確立し、20世紀の美術史のなかで孤高の位置を占めている。61~77年、文化相アンドレ・マルローAndré Malraux(1901―76)の要請でローマのアカデミー・ド・フランス館長を務める。代表作に『美しい日々』(1944~46)、『コメルス・サン・タンドレ小路』(1952~54)などがある。スイス南東部ロシニエールの自宅で死去。 [大谷省吾] 『クロード・ロワ著、與謝野文子訳『バルテュス 生涯と作品』(1997・河出書房新社)』 [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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