A tropical cyclone that develops in the North Atlantic and the eastern North Pacific. Its characteristics are the same as a typhoon. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) calls a tropical cyclone in this region a hurricane if it has a maximum wind speed of 32.7 meters per second (64 knots) or more. In Japan, the term often refers to a tropical cyclone with a maximum wind speed of 17.2 meters per second or more, the same standard for a typhoon. The word originates from the Spanish word huracan, which comes from the name of the god of storms, Huracan, of the Caribbean people. The average number of tropical cyclones that develop into typhoons in a year is 10 in the North Atlantic and 14 in the eastern North Pacific, of which 6 and 7 are hurricanes, respectively. Most hurricanes are small, but large ones, such as Hurricane Katrina in August 2005, cause great damage when they make landfall on the Gulf of Mexico coast. It is also sometimes used to refer to winds of 12 (32.7 meters per second or more) on the wind scale. [Yo Narumura] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
北大西洋および北太平洋東部で発生する発達した熱帯低気圧。性質は台風と同じである。世界気象機関(WMO)では、この地域の熱帯低気圧のうち最大風速が毎秒32.7メートル(64ノット)以上のものをハリケーンとよび、日本では台風の基準と同じ最大風速が毎秒17.2メートル以上のものをさすことも多い。語源はスペイン語ウラカンhuracanであるが、これはカリブ海沿岸に住む民族の暴風の神ウラカンからきている。台風なみに発達した熱帯低気圧の1年間の平均数は北大西洋で10個、北太平洋東部で14個であるが、このうちハリケーンはおのおの6個と7個である。ハリケーンの多くは小型であるが、2005年8月のハリケーン「カトリーナ」など大型のものは、メキシコ湾沿岸に上陸するとき甚大な被害を与える。なお、風力階級で12(毎秒32.7メートル以上)の風の呼称として用いられることもある。 [饒村 曜] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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