The first Catholic order of lay priests dedicated to missionary work abroad. Founded in France in 1653 by François Palud, Pierre Lambert de La Motte and others. They particularly focused on the Far East and Southeast Asia, and contributed to France's cultural advance into these regions. Japan was also an important area for the order, with members already arriving in Ryukyu (Okinawa) in 1844 (Koka 1), and landing on the Japanese mainland at the same time as the Treaty of Amity was concluded in 1858 (Ansei 5). The order was responsible for most of the Catholic missionary and pastoral work in the early Meiji period, including Petitjean, who built a cathedral in Oura, Nagasaki Prefecture and discovered a village of so-called hidden Christians there, and Osouff, the first Archbishop of Tokyo. The Paris Foreign Missions Society also made great cultural and social contributions, such as the publishing projects by Petitjean and others, the leprosy relief projects by Testibide and Bertrand, the tuberculosis treatment projects by Frojac, the dictionary compilations by Lemaréchal and Laguet, the translation of the New Testament by Laguet, and the operation of various schools, which not only built the foundations of the Catholic Church in Japan, but also played a major role in introducing and importing Western culture. After that, the Society withdrew from frontline activities in Japan, but after the Second World War it resumed its activities again in 1958 (Showa 33). [Yoshio Tsuruoka] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
外国への宣教に専心した最初の、在俗司祭によるカトリック修道会。1653年フランソワ・パリュ、ピエール・ランベール・ド・ラ・モットらを中心にフランスで創設された。とくに極東、東南アジアを布教地とし、フランスのこの地域への文化的進出にも貢献した。日本も同会の重要な布教地で、すでに1844年(弘化1)には琉球(りゅうきゅう)(沖縄)に渡来、1858年(安政5)修好条約締結と同時に日本本土にも上陸した。長崎県大浦に天主堂を建て当地にいわゆる隠れキリシタンの村落を発見したプチジャン、初代東京大司教オズーフなど、明治初年のカトリックの布教、司牧はほとんどこの会が担当している。 パリ外国宣教会による文化的、社会的貢献も大きく、プチジャンらの出版事業、テストビド、ベルトランらの救らい事業、フロジャックの結核療養事業、ルマレシャル、ラゲらの辞書編纂(へんさん)、ラゲによる『新約聖書』翻訳、そのほか各種の学校経営など、日本のカトリック教会の基礎を築くと同時に、西欧文化の紹介、移入にも大きな役割を果たした。その後、日本では第一線での活動からは退いたが、第二次世界大戦後も1958年(昭和33)からふたたび新たに活動を始めている。 [鶴岡賀雄] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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