Soviet Arctic explorer, scientist, and admiral. He achieved outstanding results in Arctic expeditions and scientific research in 1931, 1932-1933, 1934-1935, and 1937-1938. In particular, in the 1937 expedition, he was the first to successfully land an airplane on an ice field 20 kilometers from the North Pole, which he named the First Arctic Drifting Station (NP-1). Together with three staff members, including Fedorov, he conducted scientific observations on the drift ice until February 1938, when he reached the east coast of Greenland. For this achievement, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union twice, in 1938 and 1940, and was also awarded the Order of Lenin. Long-term scientific observations on drifting ice islands in the Arctic Ocean were actively conducted by the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s after World War II. He held important positions such as Director General of the Northern Sea Route, and his main work is Life on Ice Islands (1938). [Masao Hanzawa] "Papanin's Arctic Drifting Diary: Life on the Ice Floe" (Translated by Kei Oshide) (1979, Tokai University Press) [Reference item] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ソ連の北極探検家、科学者、提督。1931年、1932~1933年、1934~1935年、1937~1938年の北極探検と科学調査で優れた成果を収めた。とくに1937年の探検では、北極から20キロメートルの氷野に初めて飛行機での着陸に成功、ここを北極漂流ステーション第1号(NP‐1)とし、フョードロフなど3人のスタッフとともにこの流氷に乗って1938年2月グリーンランド東岸に至るまで科学的観測を行った。この功績により1938年、1940年の2回にわたってソ連邦英雄の称号を受け、レーニン勲章も授けられた。北極海における漂流する氷島上の長期科学観測は、第二次世界大戦後の1950~1960年代、アメリカとソ連によって盛んに行われた。北方航路総局長官などの要職を歴任し、主著に『氷島上の生活』(1938)がある。 [半澤正男] 『押手敬訳『パパーニンの北極漂流日記――氷盤上の生活』(1979・東海大学出版会)』 [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
>>: Havana - Habana (English spelling)
→ Mallard Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponi...
A city in central Niigata Prefecture. It was incor...
...In addition, 192 cases (12%) of neonatal murde...
?‐1009 Arab astronomer. He conducted observations ...
Located on the border between Hiroshima and Shima...
…A feudal lord from the Azuchi-Momoyama period to...
…Taking advantage of the Parthian turmoil, Tigran...
...With the inns of Narai to the north and Yabuha...
...Metaphorical literature (the Buddhist scriptur...
Japan's first joint stock company was establi...
Also written as "kanzashi", "kazash...
An old town in Namegata County in the southeastern...
During the Edo period, this was one of the Shogun...
...Similar structures are also found in the audit...
A thinker who lived in the 5th to 6th centuries du...