Sea anemone - sea anemone

Japanese: ハタゴイソギンチャク - はたごいそぎんちゃく
Sea anemone - sea anemone

A marine animal belonging to the phylum Cnidaria, class Anthozoa, subclass Hexacorallia, order Actiniaria, family Actiniidae. It inhabits the coral reefs of the western Pacific Ocean. It is a large sea anemone, with a mouth diameter of 60 to 80 centimeters. It has a large number of tentacles, with one or several rows of tentacles lined up in the inner cavity, which is the stomach cavity between the paired septa. Between adjacent unpaired septa, i.e., the outer cavity, there is one tentacle on the outermost edge of the mouth. The area around the mouth is usually significantly folded, but the edge of the mouth does not change to become an arm-like process. All tentacles are of the same type and are relatively short, measuring 1 to 2 centimeters. Both the tentacles and the mouth are ochre-colored, and the body wall is cream-colored with red spots. Among the tentacles live symbiotic clownfish and three-spotted damselfish, as well as a small hermit crab called the spotted crab S. haddoni , a closely related species with short tentacles measuring less than 1 cm, and the Radianthus crispus and R. ritteri , both of which live symbiotically with various clownfish.

[Hiroomi Uchida]

[References] | Red spotted crab | Sea anemone | Clownfish

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

刺胞(しほう)動物門花虫(はなむし)綱六放サンゴ亜綱イソギンチャク目ハタゴイソギンチャク科に属する海産動物。西太平洋のサンゴ礁海域に生息する。大形のイソギンチャクで口盤の直径は60~80センチメートルに達する。非常に多くの触手をもち、対(つい)をなす隔膜の間の胃腔(いこう)である内腔には1列あるいは数列の触手が並ぶ。対をなさない隣り合った隔膜の間、すなわち外腔には口盤の最外縁に1本の触手をもつ。口盤周辺は通常著しく褶曲(しゅうきょく)するが、口盤周縁が変化して腕状突起となることはない。触手はすべて1種類で比較的短く1~2センチメートル。触手、口盤ともに黄土色、体壁はクリーム色で紅色の斑点(はんてん)を備える。触手の間にはスズメダイ科のカクレクマノミ、ミツボシクロスズメが共生し、さらにアカホシカニダマシという小形のヤドカリ類が共生する。近縁種に触手が1センチメートル以下と短いイボハタゴイソギンチャクS. haddoniがあり、さらに内腔から出る触手が複数列に配列しないシライトイソギンチャクRadianthus crispusや、センジュイソギンチャクR. ritteriなどがあり、いずれも各種のクマノミ類が共生している。

[内田紘臣]

[参照項目] | アカホシカニダマシ | イソギンチャク | クマノミ

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