Political cartoon

Japanese: 政治漫画 - せいじまんが（英語表記）political cartoon

Cartoons visualize political events with the intent of satire, propaganda, and enlightenment, and present the political essence of the events through images. Caricatures of the political ruling class, upper classes of society, and clergy, and the mask of their authority have long been seen even in traditional societies where rulers and the ruled were polarized. However, in the modern era, when citizens appeared on the political stage and the technology of reproduction and media of communication developed, political cartoons acquired a style as political criticism. In 18th century England, politicians and landed class members of parliament relaxed legal regulations and taxes on the distillery industry in order to increase grain consumption, and systematically encouraged the mass consumption of cheap gin instead of beer. As a result, excessive drinking contributed to urban poverty, crime, and family breakdown.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

政治的な事象を風刺や宣伝や啓蒙の意図をもって視覚化し，その事象に含まれる政治的な核心をイメージで提示する漫画。政治的な支配階級や社会の上層の人々や聖職者を戯画化して，その権威の仮面を剝ぐことは，統治者と被治者とが分極していた伝統社会においても，つとに見られた。しかしながら，市民が政治の舞台に登場し，複製の技術と伝達のメディアが発達した近代において，政治漫画は政治批評としての様式を獲得する。18世紀のイギリスでは，政治家や地主階級の議員が，穀物の消費量を増すため蒸留酒製造業への法的規制と税を緩和して，ビールにかわる安価なジンの大量消費を計画的に奨励した結果，過度の飲酒が都市の貧窮，犯罪，家庭破壊を助長した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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